We introduce the concept of a rational valuation system which encompasses both the Net Present Value (NPV) methodology and martingale based methods used in connection with discrete time Real Options Analysis (ROA). This way we show that the valuation process can be looked at in separation from a specific valuation technique. We also show that flexibility and adaptability — usually presented as ...

since the promenades allocate the part of the country's revenues, therefore, attention to its valuation is very important. springs in desert area are the most prominent of natural landscapes. more study in country investigates recreational value using double– bounded dichotomous choice. but in this study, single-bounded dichotomous choice has been used because of this approach is more like...

groundwater can be used directly or indirectly and any decline in its quality or quantity maynegatively impact the environment. through groundwater valuation, people are made aware of the fact thatgroundwater is not free of charge and therefore the significance of groundwater preservation is established. in this study, groundwater quality preservation value has been estimated for the city of ya...

There are two key components to constructing summary measures of population health quality: a health-status classification system and a valuation function. The former was discussed in part 7. My remarks on that session are also relevant here (see chapter 7.2). The latter will be the focus of my brief remarks here. I will concentrate on three major topics: a conceptual foundation that supports a...

Obtaining more accurate equity value estimates is the starting point for stock selection, value-based indexing in a noisy market, and beating benchmark indices through tactical style rotation. Unfortunately, discounted cash flow, method of comparables, and fundamental analysis typically yield discrepant valuation estimates. Moreover, the valuation estimates typically disagree with market price....

Valuation networks have been proposed as graph� ical representations of valuation�based systems (VBSs). The VBS framework is able to capture many uncertainty calculi including probability theory, Dempster�Shafer's belief�function theory, Spohn's epistemic belief theory, and Zadeh's possibility theory. In this paper, we show how valuation networks encode conditional indepen� dence relations. For...

This paper critically reviews theoretical and empirical propositions regarding visual analogue scale (VAS) valuations of health states and their use in cost-utility analysis (CUA). A widely repeated assertion in the economic evaluation literature is the inferiority, on theoretical grounds, of VAS valuations. Five common criticisms are: VAS lacks a theoretical foundation; VAS values are not 'cho...

In economic Grid environments, the producers (resource owners) and consumers (resource users) have different goals, objectives, strategies, and supply-and-demand patterns. Mechanism based on economic models is an effective approach to solve the problem of grid resources management. Grid resource valuation and allocation is one of the fundamental problems in grid resource management. The essence...