نتایج جستجو برای: based on hypothesis as expected
تعداد نتایج: 11312218 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Utility theory and the principle of maximising the expected utility have, within the multi-agent community, had a great influence on multi-agent based decision. Even though this principle is often useful when evaluating a decision situation it is virtually impossible, except in very artificial situations, to use the more basic decision rules with its unrealistically strong requirements for the ...
In this paper, we present some of our ongoing experimental research towards investigating advantages of modeling other agents in multiagent environments. We attempt to quantify the value or utility of building models about other agents using no more than the observation of others' behavior. We are interested in empirically showing that a modeler agent can take advantage of building and updating...
efl/esl textbooks have been regarded as essential language teaching materials with which the learners spend about 70 up to 90 percent of their class time. the important role they play and their vast use make them not only influential in learning the language but also in shaping values and attitudes. put it another way, textbooks socialize learners using their contents (i.e. texts, illustrations...
In this paper, we discuss our approach to making the behavior of planetary rovers more robust for the purpose of increased productivity. Due to the inherent uncertainty in rover exploration, the traditional approach to rover control is conservative, limiting the autonomous operation of the rover and sacri cing performance for safety. Our objective is to increase the science productivity possibl...
the purpose of the present study was to see which one of the two instruction-processing instruction (pi) and meaningful output based instruction (mobi) accompanied with prompt and recast- is more effective on efl learners’ writing accuracy. in order to homogenize the participants in term of language proficiency a preliminary english test (pet) was administrated between 74 intermediate students ...
This study uses an agent-based computational labor market framework to experimentally study the relationship between job capacity, job concentration, and market power. Job capacity is measured by the ratio of potential job openings to potential work o!ers, and job concentration is measured by the ratio of work suppliers to employers. For each experimental treatment, work suppliers and employers...
Continuous games of timing represent an ecologically relevant case of decision-making under uncertainty with many applications to tactical security scenarios. We present two experiments collecting data using the two-player, 20-second FlipIt game, in which a player has to react to an estimated, externally controlled quantity in light of a continuous payoff distribution. The quantity is represent...
We propose an efficient algorithm for estimation of possibility based qualitative expected utility. It is useful for decision making mechanisms where each possible decision is assigned a multi-attribute possibility distribution. The computational complexity of ordinary methods calculating the expected utility based on discretization is growing exponentially with the number of attributes, and ma...
plagiarism in esl/efl learning contexts has been established as a dynamic and multi-layered phenomenon and has become a topic engaging many researchers in a heated debate in recent years. comparisons of student-generated texts with their source texts have shown that students rely on source texts in their writings and copying is a major strategy used by both l1 and l2 writers. in our country a...
according to cheng (1999), in recent esl/efl literature, asian (especially east asian) learners of english as a foreign/second language have been arguably reported as reticent and passive learners. the most common allegations are that these students are reluctant to participate in classroom discourse; they are unwilling to give responses; they do not ask questions; and they are passive and over...
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