S: Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani are the common causal pathogens causes the damping off disease of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Egypt. The antagonistic effect of four Trichoderma species, i.e. Trichoderma album, Triechoderma hamatum, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride, was tested against F. solani and R. solani in vitro, in greenhouse and in field. In vitro tests, all Tri...

Background: Carangids, like any other fish, can become infected with a variety of external and internal parasites. Little information on parasite infestations in these fish species is known. This study aimed to provide light parasites that infect caragnids Saudi Arabia. Methods: A total 20 Carangoides caeruleopinnatus specimens were collected from the Red Sea (Saudi Arabia) then examined for pr...

Identification and clustering of orthologous genes plays an important role in developing evolutionary models such as validating convergent and divergent phylogeny and predicting functional proteins in newly sequenced species of unverified nucleotide protein mappings. Here, we introduce an application of subspace clustering as applied to orthologous gene sequences and discuss the initial results...

Termites are highly abundant and vital insects that directly indirectly influence local soils. The present study investigated the morphological molecular phylogenetics of termite species collected from fields in southern Haryana, India, 2020 to 2021. Samples were subjected integrated systematic analyses, taking into account mandible features soldiers for systematics 16S rRNA gene-based phylogen...

Trichoderma harzianum is a ubiquitous species in the environment and is effective in the biological control of plant-pathogenic fungi. T. harzianum has not been linked unequivocally to its sexual state nor has its phylogeny been studied in detail. It has been suggested that T. harzianum is a species complex based on the phenotypic and genotypic variability encountered. On the basis of morpholog...

Trichoderma species are soil-borne filamentous fungi widely utilized for their many plant health benefits, such as conferring improved growth, disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerance to their hosts. Many Trichoderma species are able to produce the auxin phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and its production has been suggested to promote root growth. Here we show that the production...

Phylogeny reconstruction on a genome scale remains computationally challenging even for closely related organisms. Here we propose an alignmentfree pairwise distance measure, Kr, for genomes separated by less than approximately 0.5 mismatches/nucleotide. We have implemented the computation of Kr based on enhanced suffix arrays in the program kr, which is freely available from guanine.evolbio.mp...

Theory has long predicted that insect community structure should be related to host plant phylogeny. We examined the distribution of insect herbivore associations with respect to host plant phylogeny for caterpillars (Lepidoptera), beetles (Coleoptera), and grasshoppers and relatives (orthopteroids) in a New Guinea rain forest. We collected herbivores from three lineages of closely related wood...

In this paper, we propose clustering methods for use on data described as tropically convex. Our approach is similar to used in the Euclidean space, where identify groupings of observations using tropical analogs K-means and hierarchical space. We provide results from computational experiments generic simulated well an application phylogeny ultrametrics, demonstrating efficacy these methods.