BACKGROUND Transmission mechanisms of black-band disease (BBD) in coral reefs are poorly understood, although this disease is considered to be one of the most widespread and destructive coral infectious diseases. The major objective of this study was to assess transmission mechanisms of BBD in the field based on the spatio-temporal patterns of the disease. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS 3,175...

BACKGROUND The use of medicinal plants has been reported throughout human history. In the fight against illnesses, medicinal plants represent the primary health care system for 60 % of the world's population. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds with active anti-microbial properties; they are produced in plants as pigments. Quercetin, myricetin, and rutin are among the most well-known and prev...

BACKGROUND The intake of total dietary fat and of certain fat subtypes has been shown to be strongly associated with breast cancer in international comparisons and in animal experiments. However, observational epidemiologic studies have generally reported either weak positive or no associations. To extend the prospective epidemiologic evidence on this question, we examined the association betwe...

The marine environment plays a vital role in producing valuable natural products for biomedical and pharmaceutical research. pigment is one of the bioactive molecules derived from bacteria. strain SB2 was isolated saltern areas Marakanam to produce yellow pigment, round, smooth colonies on selective media. opted out further studies based its production (1.68 mg l-1). incubation period, pH, temp...

A thermosyphon is an efficient heat transfer device, which transports heat using gravity for the evaporation and condensation of the working fluid. In the present study the Box-Benhnken (BBD) design approach was chosen for the Two-Phase Closed Thermosyphon (TPCT) with CeO2 nanofluid using 0.1% volume of Nanofluid with surfactant of ethylene glycol. The experiment resulted in identifying the opt...

The small blind internal thread (SBIT) plays a very important role to firmly fastening some functional components on the cover of 3C electronic products. was made in hole using fluteless forming tap (FFT) without producing chips. However, four geometric parameters FFT (tool width (W), tooth root diameter (D2), front-end (Df), and angle (?)) will affect filling rate (f) minimum torque (T) tappin...

The research discussed the possibility of adsorption Brilliant Blue Dye (BBD) from wastewater using 13X zeolite adsorbent, which is considered a byproduct production process potassium carbonate Iraqi potash raw materials. adsorbent was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction that showed clear match with standard zeolite. crystallinity rate 82.15% crystal size 5.29 nm. surface area pore ...

This study conducted experiments used for the development of both regression model with uncertainty analysis and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) prediction yield biodiesel (YB) produced from castor oil in presence calcium oxide derived eggshell. Box Behnken design (BBD) was to develop experimental condition five different variables while YB response. Uncertainty determined Monte C...

Diseases are a growing global threat to scleractinian corals. This study used relatively inexpensive commercial drone flown simultaneously along with reef walking/snorkeling confirm the presence of cyanobacterial Black Band Disease (BBD) on in subtropical Okinawa, Japan. At surveyed reef, corals included encrusting forms (12.57% ± 5.72 coverage), followed by massive/submassive (6.09% 4.05) and ...