Characterization of flaws of weld bead is imperative for high-quality welding. Methods of weld bead inspection include radiographic, ultrasonic and vision inspection. However, such methods are costly and time consuming. The proposed sensor is light, low-cost and fast. This paper summarizes our work on weld bead monitoring and defect detection using an electromagnetic sensor. Measurements are ac...

In our CG model, each nucleosome, inclusive of the histone core and the ∼1.65-turn wrapped DNA, is constructed from nc = 26 charged beads, each of size σc = 2.0 nm (Fig. S1a). The beads are arranged in three stacks, where the top and bottom stacks each contain 9 beads evenly placed along a circumference of radius ro = 4.30 nm and the middle stack contains 8 beads evenly placed along a circumfer...

Austenitic stainless steel SS304 grade was welded with active Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding process by applying a flux paste made of SiO2 powder and acetone. SiO2 flux application improves the weld bead depth with a simultaneous reduction in weld bead width. The improvement in penetration results from arc constriction and reversal of Marangoni convection. Experimental studies revealed that t...

The DNA is treated using the discretized wormlike bead-chain model, where each “bead” represents a 3 nm segment of relaxed DNA (1, 2). Each bead is assigned a salt-dependent charge qdna according to Stigter (3). The DNA bead-chain is also assigned an intramolecular force field comprising of stretching, bending, twisting terms that capture all aspects of DNA mechanics. The stretching energy Ustr...

Optical near-field techniques allow one to overcome diffraction by positioning an optical element in close proximity to the surface of interest. In optical trap assisted nanopatterning, this optical element is a microbead optically trapped above the substrate in a liquid environment. Using high-speed microscopy, we show that under certain conditions, the laser pulse creates a gas bubble under t...

An experimental strategy for post-eliminating thermal noise on position measurements of optically trapped particles is presented. Using a nanosecond pulsed laser, synchronized to the detection system, to exert a periodic driving force on an optically trapped 10 μm polystyrene bead, the laser pulse-bead interaction is repeated hundreds of times. Traces with the bead position following the prompt...

OBJECTIVE To compare direct and indirect bead-based T-cell isolation followed by magnetic bead-based DNA isolation. METHODS T-cells were isolated by direct or indirect selection with magnetic bead coated antbiodies followed by magnetic bead-based automated DNA isolation in 10 healthy subjects. Purity of T-cells, purity of DNA (by A260/A280 ratio measurement) and DNA concentration were assesse...

We apply a coded aperture snapshot spectral imager (CASSI) to fluorescence microscopy. CASSI records a two-dimensional (2D) spectrally filtered projection of a three-dimensional (3D) spectral data cube. We minimize a convex quadratic function with total variation (TV) constraints for data cube estimation from the 2D snapshot. We adapt the TV minimization algorithm for direct fluorescent bead id...