Cochlear Implants (CIs) enable many prelingually deaf children to acquire spoken language skills although individual speech and language outcomes are quite varied. Differences in a range of underlying cognitive skills may explain a portion of this variance. The aim of this study was to determine if variation in behavioral inhibition skills of prelingually deaf children were related to speech pe...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the relation of behavioral inhibition to stuttering and speech/language output in preschool-age children who do (CWS) and do not stutter (CWNS). METHOD Participants were preschool-age (ages 36-68 months), including 26 CWS (22 males) and 28 CWNS (13 males). Participants' behavioral inhibition (BI) was assessed by measuring the latency to their si...

Abstract This paper presents the RST-AQ, a 22-item scale to measure affective states related three motivational systems postulated by Reinforcement Sensitivity theory (RST-AQ): Behavioral approach system (BAS), inhibition (BIS), and Fight-Flight-Freeze (FFFS). The subscales are internally consistent. Results show an overall support for construct validity of our RST-AQ measure. correlations with...

The 20th annual Barrels meeting brought together researchers who utilize behavioral, physiological, anatomical, and molecular techniques to understand the structure and function of the barrel system. Barrels XX featured talks on the role inhibition has in shaping cortical responses within the barrel system, the molecular cues that influence the development of the whisker-to-barrel system, and t...

OBJECTIVE Why is low resting heart rate (HR) associated with antisocial behavior (ASB), i.e., aggression and rule breaking, in adolescence? Theory suggests that personality traits mediate this relationship but differently with age. In the present study this age-effect hypothesis is tested; we expected that the relationship between HR and aggression would be mediated in preadolescence by the per...

Disgust is highly related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms, yet its contribution to specific OCD symptoms is still unclear. In the present study, we examined how disgust–OD relationship is influenced by the behavioral inhibition system (BIS), a personality variable that co-varies with disgust and OCD. A large heterogeneous sample (N1⁄4314), taken from the general population (usin...

Changing gain in a neuronal system has important functional consequences, but the underlying mechanisms have been elusive. Models have suggested a variety of neuronal and systems properties to accomplish gain control. Here, we show that the gain of the neuronal network underlying local bending behavior in leeches depends on widespread inhibition. Using behavioral analysis, intracellular recordi...