Laser bending of tubes is a process in which laser-induced thermal distortion is used to bend tubes without hard tooling or external forces. Mechanisms of the process are examined to better understand the deformation characteristics such as wall thickness variation, cross-section ovalization, bending radius, and asymmetry. Factors important to these characteristics are experimentally and numeri...

At passage of an ultra-high-energy particle through a bent crystal coherent bremsstrahlung is emitted but with characteristic frequencies distributed continuously, in relation with the crystal bend profile. For practical crystals, such radiation can be calculated by the stationary phase approximation technique. The radiation spectrum averaged over the impact parameters is evaluated. Its charact...

We study bend loss in chalcogenide negative curvature fibers with different polarizations, different tube wall thicknesses, and different bend directions relative to the mode polarization. The coupling between the core mode and tube modes induces bend loss peaks in the two non-degenerate modes at the same bend radius. There is as much as a factor of 28 difference between the losses of the two p...

Abstract The design of a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) involves satisfying numerous constraints in terms the positioning components and routing conducting tracks or traces between components. One common constraint is limiting maximum angular bend that trace can make (e.g. to 45°) for several potential reasons including reliability. In this paper, we systematically investigate failure characterist...

In the title compound, C5H4BrNO, there are two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit that are related by a pseudo-inversion center. The two independent mol-ecules are approximately planar, with an observed (ring-ring) angle of 5.49 (13)°. The crystal structure exhibits a herringbone pattern with the zigzag running along the b-axis direction. The least-squares plane containing the rings of both asym...

spur dike is an important element for protection of river banks. spur dike causes variations in flow field, sediment transport and bed topography. the mechanism of flow and sediment transport in a channel bend is very complex, especially when a spur dike is constructed in a bend. in this paper the time variations of dimension of the scour hole and the bed’s topography were considered around a t...

A novel low frequency acoustic sensor based on the cladding mode of large-angle tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) is proposed and verified in this work. It mainly uses characteristic that coupling core TFBG easy to change when experiences micro-bend, which will finally causes a dramatic drift spectrum. By combining with designed polyethylene terephthalate (PET) transducer diaphragm cavity struc...

Recently, a new layout style to avoid edge crossings in straight-line drawings of non-planar graphs received attention. In a Partial Edge Drawing (PED), the middle part of each segment representing an edge is dropped and the two remaining parts, called stubs, are not crossed. To help the user inferring the position of the two end-vertices of each edge, additional properties like symmetry and ho...

A replacement for the original F-spanner is designed using computer-aided engineering (CAE) and Taguchi method. In design process, L9(34) orthogonal table was used parameter design. Four control factors are used: outer diameter, bend radius, angle, connected fillet. Each factor set to three levels with numerical analysis ANSYS software. After performing an optimization combination parameters, p...

DNA has been described as a semiflexible polymer. But DNA is chiral, so its bending Hamiltonian contains nonlinear terms coupling the curvature κ to the torsion τ , leading to an average 〈τ〉 independent of κ, and variance 〈∆τ〉 scaling as 1/κ. We perform atomistic MD simulations of 31 base-pair DNA sequences with explicit solvent, in which “restraints” are imposed to “encourage” the DNA to bend....