Foraging by large (>25 kg), mammalian carnivores often entails cryptic tactics to surreptitiously locate and overcome highly mobile prey. Many forms of intermittent locomotion from stroke-and-glide maneuvers by marine mammals to sneak-and-pounce behaviors by terrestrial canids, ursids, and felids are involved. While affording proximity to vigilant prey, these tactics are also associated with un...

Mark J. Alberts, MD; Richard E. Latchaw, MD; Andy Jagoda, MD; Lawrence R. Wechsler, MD; Todd Crocco, MD; Mary G. George, MD; E.S. Connolly, MD; Barbara Mancini, RN; Stephen Prudhomme, MSc; Daryl Gress, MD; Mary E. Jensen, MD; Robert Bass, MD; Robert Ruff, MD; Kathy Foell, MS; Rocco A. Armonda, MD; Marian Emr, BS; Margo Warren, BA; Jim Baranski, BS; Michael D. Walker, MD; for the Brain Attack Co...

Mark J. Alberts, MD; Richard E. Latchaw, MD; Andy Jagoda, MD; Lawrence R. Wechsler, MD; Todd Crocco, MD; Mary G. George, MD; E.S. Connolly, MD; Barbara Mancini, RN; Stephen Prudhomme, MSc; Daryl Gress, MD; Mary E. Jensen, MD; Robert Bass, MD; Robert Ruff, MD; Kathy Foell, MS; Rocco A. Armonda, MD; Marian Emr, BS; Margo Warren, BA; Jim Baranski, BS; Michael D. Walker, MD; for the Brain Attack Co...

The central question in this paper is: Who (or what) constructs anticipations? I challenge the (tacit) assumption of Rosen’s standard definition of anticipatory systems according to which the cognitive system actively constructs a predictive model based on which it carries out anticipations. My arguments show that so-called implicit anticipatory systems are at the root of any other form of anti...

When Jacob revised his introduction to pragmatics (Mey [1990] 2001), he included an extra section on the role of body moves in communication. Here he argues that body movements and posture can fulfil complex pragmatic functions and may constitute an integral part of the action in the total context of the pragmatic act (2001: 223 227). Thus, “[p]ragmatic acts engage the whole individual in commu...

Deep mitochondrial divergence within species may result from cryptic speciation, from phylogeographic isolation or from endosymbiotic bacteria like Wolbachia that manipulate host reproduction. Phengaris butterflies are social parasites that spend most of their life in close relationship with ants. Previously, cryptic speciation has been hypothesised for two Phengaris species based on divergent ...

Sex allocation theory for simultaneous hermaphrodites has focused primarily on the effects of sperm competition, but the role of mate choice has so far been neglected. We present a model to study the coevolution of cryptic female choice and sex allocation in simultaneous hermaphrodites. We show that the mechanism of cryptic female choice has a strong effect on the evolutionary outcome: if indiv...