Rice plants accumulate cadmium (Cd2+) within the grain, increasing the danger of human exposure. Natural materials have been used in soil remediation, but few studies have examined the risks (based on the bioavailability of these metals to plants) of using these materials, so the practice remains controversial. In the present study, we evaluated the effectiveness of biochar produced from sugarc...

23 The biogeochemistry and bioavailability of cadmium, released during sphalerite 24 weathering in soils, were investigated under contrasting agricultural scenarios to assess 25 health risks associated with sphalerite dust transport to productive soils from mining. 26

We developed a novel method to prepare nanocapsules. A solute often crystallizes when its solubility alters from one solvent to another, and its firstborn crystals are used as templates to prepare nanocapsules for the first time, which is called firstborn microcrystallization method. By using this method, the maximum diameter of the nanocapsules including artesunate is about 76 nm, and wrapping...

The evolution of life on earth has been a long process that began nearly 3,5 x 109 years ago. In their initial moments, evolution was mainly influenced by anaerobic environments; with the rise of O2 and the corresponding change in bioavailability of metal ions, new mechanisms of survival were created. Here we review the relationships between ancient atmospheric conditions, metal ion bioavailabi...

Poor aqueous solubility of lead drug candidates remains an obstacle for drug development in pharmaceutical industries. Drugs with dissolution rate limited drug absorption show low bioavailability due to poor aqueous solubility of the drug. To overcome these problems different formulations of nanosized drugs were developed recently. Pharmaceutical nanosuspensions consist of dispersed solid drug ...

BACKGROUND Theoretical models for predicting absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) properties play increasingly important roles in support of the drug development process. OBJECTIVE We briefly review the in silico prediction models for three important ADME properties, namely, aqueous solubility, human intestinal absorption, and oral bioavailability. METHODS Rather than g...

Bisphosphonates are widely used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in adulthood. In the last years, bisphosphonates have been increasingly used in pediatric patients for the treatment of a growing number of disorders associated with osteoporosis, resistant hypercalcemia or heterotopic calcifications. The use of bisphosphonates in pediatric patients has been proven safe; however, t...