na

Although rarely performed, corneal biopsy may be useful in establishing the diagnosis and prompt institution of appropriate management in progressive keratitis of unknown cause. Inability to obtain a definitive diagnosis in a case of chronic keratitis may be related to previous use of antimicrobials that interfere with standard cultures or by the fastidious growth of unusual pathogens in cultur...

Examination of fragments of right or left ventricular endomyocardium recovered during cardiac catheterization (endomyocardial biopsy) remains an important tool in the detection of transplant rejection and identification of specific disease process that cause primary myocardial dysfunction . This chapter focuses on the currently available techniques for endomyocardial biopsy and reviews the dise...

This article reviews the application of various types of optical spectroscopy and metrology to minimally invasive medical diagnostics. The promises and hopes, as well as the difficulties, of these developing techniques are discussed. The term ‘‘optical biopsy’’ has entered into common usage among researchers in the field of biomedical optics. Although it is inherently an inaccurate term—it is p...

Introduction Infective discitis is an inflammatory process involving the intervertebral disc space, often related to infection. It is a rare condition with an incidence of between 0.4 and 2.4 per 100,000 each year in the western world. There is a bimodal age distribution with the first peak in childhood and the second peak around the sixth decade. The lumbar spine is affected in up to 60% of ca...

Abstract Men with high serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) typically undergo standard transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS-biopsy) during which 10 to 12 cores are obtained. TRUS-biopsy can cause side-effects including bleeding, pain, and infection. Multi-parametric MRI (MP-MRI) used as a triage test might allow men avoid unnecessary improve diagnostic accuracy. According the renowned PR...

results a plasmid construct, including sequences from the hbv genome and from the human gene htert, was generated as an isomolar multi-standard for hbv quantitation and normalization to the cellular contents. the specificity of the real-time assay for the cccdna was assessed using dane particles isolated on a density gradient. a comparison of liver tissue from 6 untreated and 6 treated patients...

primary sjorgen syndrome is one of the commonest autoimmune diseases with characteristic of involvement of lachrymal and salivary glands, but other organ involvements as peripheral and central nervous system are also possible. the reported case is a 23 year old lady presented with progressive sensory ataxia and weakness of four limbs, bilateral sensory hearing loss and cognitive impairment with...