biosolids must be stabilized in order to reduce odors, which have been noted as a major concernwith respect to alkaline stabilization. stabilization is designed to address potential putrefaction processes,odiferous releases and vector attraction concerns. also, most alkaline processes are open systems in whichtemperature and mixing are more difficult to control, and factors such as increased pr...

Land application is a practical use of municipal Class B biosolids and manure that also promotes soil fertility and productivity. To date, no study exists comparing biosolids to manure microbial risks. This study used quantitative microbial risk assessment to estimate pathogen risks from occupational and public exposures during scenarios involving fomite, soil, crop, and aerosol exposures. Grea...

VERTADTM is an auto-thermophilic aerobic digestion process, employing a subsurface vertical reactor to aerobically digest mixed primary and secondary wastewater treatment solids. High metabolic activity results in heat generation, which enables the production of Class A Biosolids at short solids retention times (SRT). Currently the Technology Assessment Program of the King County Wastewater Tre...

Land spreading nitrogen-rich municipal waste biosolids (NO3 -No256mg Nkg 1 dry weight, NH3-NB23,080mg Nkg 1 dry weight, Total Kjeldahl NB41,700mg Nkg 1 dry weight) to human food and non-food chain land is a practice followed throughout the US. This practice may lead to the recovery and utilization of the nitrogen by vegetation, but it may also lead to emissions of biogenic nitric oxide (NO), wh...

Overexploitation of resources makes the reutilization waste a focal topic modern society, and question kind wastes that can be used is continuously raised. Sewage sludge (SS) derived from wastewater treatment plants, considered important underused biomass, as biofertilizer when properly stabilized due to high content inorganic matter, nitrate, phosphorus. However, wide range pollutants present ...

Abstract Land application of biochar as a soil amendment can be an effective strategy for reducing nutrient leaching while providing simultaneous benefits to health. However, effects on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) dynamics in biochar‐amended soils are poorly understood, particularly Florida sandy receiving fertilizers. This study evaluated the different materials (particle size 0.1 mm produ...

A capability to determine the availability of nitrogen in organic amendments is necessary to ensure that such materials will provide sufficient nitrogen to the growing crop and cause minimal environmental degradation. Greenhouse bioassays were used to evaluate N availability of organic by-products, including several employed in the field study of this research. Tall fescue was grown in greenhou...

Essential plant nutrients contained in residues and wastes generated during biofuel processing can be recovered for further production of bioenergy biomass. The objective of this study was to determine the relative agronomic efficiency of “processed” biofuel residual (PBR). Liquid biofuel residual was “processed” by precipitating phosphate and ammonium in the residual with magnesium into a stru...

A pot experiment to determine the effects of summer cover crops and soil amendments on okra yields and population densities of various soil nematode taxa was conducted in two consecutive growing seasons in a subtropical region. Two cover crops, sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) and sorghum sudangrass (Sorghum bicolorrS. bicolor var. sudanense), were grown and returned to the soil with fallow as a c...