We addressed the importance of third dimension and color contrast as cues used in close range nest localization by Osmia lignaria Say and Megachile rotundata (F.) females. By manipulating the surface of the nesting site, we compared 3-dimensional configurations of three different depths (1 cm, 2 cm, and 6 cm) and three different color contrasts (black-black, black-gray, and black-blue). We also...

Fig. 1. Regression analysis (regression line – continuous – and 95% prediction interval – dashed lines) to evaluate commutability of IRMM BCR-304 (triangle) and NIST SRM 956c (black circles) between direct potentiometry and colorimetry assays for serum lithium. Gray circles identify native serum samples. Commutability of two JCTLM-listed secondary reference materials for two commercial lithium ...

A general methodology for gray-box, or semi-physical, modeling is presented. This technique is intended to combine the best of two worlds: knowledge-based modeling , whereby mathematical equations are derived in order to describe a process, based on a physical (or chemical, biological, etc.) analysis, and black-box modeling, whereby a parameterized model is designed, whose parameters are estima...

In simultaneous brightness contrast displays, a gray target square G(B) bordered by black appears brighter than an identical gray target square G(W) bordered by white. Here we demonstrate that this effect can be reversed if G(B) is surrounded by bands that alternate outward from black to white, while G(W) is surrounded by bands that alternate outward from white to black. With these simple "bull...

color halftoning, dithering, barycentric coordinates. Monochrome dither halftoning is a gray-scale image rendering procedure where gray-levels in an image are compared against a periodic threshold array, placing a Black dot in every location whose gray-level is smaller than the corresponding threshold value. Current generalizations to color printing result in Cartesian thresholding procedures, ...

Introduction: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) is an imaging system which offers three-dimensional (3D), multiplanar images and has many advantages over computed tomography (CT) including shorter acquisition times for the resolution desired in dentistry, lower radiation dose to the patient, reasonable price and higher spatial resolution but CBCT scanners are unable to display actual Hounsf...

This paper presents a novel content based image retrieval (CBIR) system based on Framelet Transform combined with gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM).The proposed method is shift invariant which captured edge information more accurately than conventional transform domain methods as well as able to handle images of arbitrary size. Current system uses texture as a visual content for feature ex...

This paper describes a method for constructing a lookup table relating a three-dimensional CMY coordinate system to CMYK colorant amounts in a way that maximizes the utilization of the printer gamut volume. The method is based on an assumption, satisfied by most printers, that adding a black colorant to any combination of CMY colorants does not result in a color with more chroma. Therefore the ...

Abstract This study numerically investigates the effects of thermal radiation on flow over a black isothermal plate for an optically thin gray micropolar fluid. The flowing medium absorbs and emits radiation, but scattering is not included. computational results are discussed graphically several selected parameters.