Sea surface brightness spectral anomalies from a Honolulu municipal outfall have been detected from space satellites in 200 km areas extending 20 km from the wastewater diffuser (Bondur 2005, Keeler et al. 2005, Gibson et al. 2005). Dropsonde and towed body microstructure measurements show outfall enhanced viscous and temperature dissipation rates above the turbulence trapping layer. Fossil tur...

A new turbulence model suited for calculating the turbulent Prandtl number as part of the solution is presented. The model is based on a set of two equations: one governing the variance of the enthalpy and the other governing its dissipation rate. These equations were derived from the exact energy equation and thus take into consideration compressibility and dissipation terms. The model is used...

Processing the data from a large variety of zero-pressure-gradient boundary layer flows shows that the Reynolds-number-dependent scaling law, which the present authors obtained earlier for pipes, gives an accurate description of the velocity distribution in a selfsimilar intermediate region of distances from the wall adjacent to the viscous sublayer. The appropriate length scale that enters the...

Turbulence motions are often perceived as chaotic and unstructured. It has been observed however that the turbulence is frequently organized in semi-regular, persistent and large-scale coherent structures in realistic boundary layers. This study investigates such coherent structures, called rolls, in the non-stratified (Ekman) boundary layer on a rotated planet (the Earth). Large-eddy simulatio...

The two main resistances in the exchange of gases between plants and the atmosphere are stomatal and boundary layer resistances. We modeled boundary layer dynamics over glabrous and pubescent leaves (assuming non-exchanging trichomes) with leaf lengths varying from 0.01 to 0.2 m, and windspeeds of 0.1-5.0 m x s(-1). Results from theoretical and semi-empirical formulae were compared. As expected...

We present global 3D MHD simulations of geometrically thin but unstratified accretion disks in which a near Keplerian disk rotates between two bounding regions with initial rotation profiles that are stable to the MRI. The inner region models the boundary layer between the disk and an assumed more slowly rotating central, non magnetic star. We investigate the dynamical evolution of this system ...