In this paper, we study starting point bias in double-bounded contingent valuation surveys. This phenomenon arises in applications that use multiple valuation questions. Indeed, response to follow-up valuation questions may be influenced by the bid proposed in the initial valuation question. Previous researches have been conducted in order to control for such an effect. However, they find that ...

The construction of projection operators, which commute with the exterior derivative and at the same time are bounded in the proper Sobolev spaces, represents a key tool in the recent stability analysis of finite element exterior calculus. These so-called bounded cochain projections have been constructed by combining a smoothing operator and the unbounded canonical projections defined by the de...

Dc-dc power converters are employed in a variety of applications, including power supplies for personal computers, office equipment, spacecraft power systems, laptop computers, and telecommunications equipment, as well as dc motor drives. The input to a dc-dc converter is an unregulated dc voltage Vg. The converter produces a regulated output voltage V, having a magnitude (and possibly polarity...

Let HH be an algebra with a distinguished element εH∈H∗εH∈H∗ and C,DC,D two coalgebras. Based on the construction of Brzeziński’s crossed coproduct, under some suitable conditions, we introduce coassociative coalgebra C×GTHβR×DC×TGHRβ×D which is more general two-sided coproduct structure including smash coproduct. Necessary sufficient conditions for equipped tensor product C⊗H⊗DC⊗H⊗D to bialgeb...

Introduction: During coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), the role of cardioplegic solution which results in cardiac arrest, is critical. This study was planned to evaluate the clinical impacts of N acetylcysteine (NAC) enriched cold-blood cardioplegia on early reperfusion injury in patients with ischaemic heart disease undergoing CABG Methods: In a...

Cogging torque is the major limitation of axial flux permanent magnet motors. The reduction of cogging torque during the design process is highly desirable to enhance the overall performance of axial flux permanent magnet motors. This paper presents a double-layer magnet design technique for cogging torque reduction of axial flux permanent magnet motor. Initially, 250 W, 150 rpm axial flux brus...

Motivated by an application in image processing, we introduce the grid-leveling problem. It turns out to be the dual of a minimum cost flow problem for an apex graph with a grid graph as its basis. We present an O(n) algorithm for this problem. The optimum solution recovers missing DC coefficients from image and video coding by Discrete Cosine Transform used in popular standards like JPEG and M...

In this paper, an integral terminal sliding mode controller (ITSMC) based on a modified exponential reaching law (MERL) is developed for providing large-signal DC-bus voltage stability while smoothing power flow in DC microgrids (DCMGs). It worth mentioning that control approach not employed DCMG applications yet to adjust the preserving balance. The proposed made up of solar photovoltaic (PV) ...