Let $f:A\rightarrow B$ be a ring homomorphism and $K$ an ideal of $B$. Many variations the notions clean nil-clean rings have been studied by variety authors. We investigate strongly $\pi$-regular clean-like properties amalgamation $A\bowtie^{f}K$ $A$ with $B$ along respect to $f$.

PURPOSE To study the effect of different filters on the dose response curves of the Gafchromic XRQA2 film. To measure the kV XVI cone-beam CT (CBCT) surface dose received during 3D and 4D imaging protocols in three body regions (head and neck, chest and pelvis). METHODS GafChromic XR- QA2 film (International Specialty Products, Wayne, NJ) dose response curves were generated for three irradiat...

We mainly construct a bicrossproduct for finite-dimensional monoidal Hom-Hopf algebra $(H,\alpha )$, generalizing Majid’s bicrossproduct. Naturally, the Hom-type leads to Drinfel’d double $(H^{\rm op}\bowtie H^{\ast },\alpha \otimes (

Purpose: To experimentally validate the Fastcat cone beam CT (CBCT) simulator against kV and MV CBCT images acquired with a Varian Truebeam linac. Methods: of Catphan 504 phantom were using 100 kVp on-board imager (OBI) 6 treatment electronic portal imaging device (EPID), respectively. The simulation was performed detailed models x-ray source, bowtie filter, high resolution voxelized virtual ph...

The operation of the bowtie filter in x-ray CT is correct if the object being scanned is properly centered in the scanner's field-of-view. Otherwise, the dose delivered to the patient and image noise will deviate from optimal setting. We investigate the effect of miscentering on image noise and surface dose on three commercial CT scanners. Six cylindrical phantoms with different size and materi...

Over the course of instruction, instructors generally collect a great deal of information about each student. Integrating that information intelligently requires models for how a student’s proficiency changes over time. Armed with such models, instructors can filter the data—more accurately estimate the student’s current proficiency levels—and forecast the student’s future proficiency levels. T...

Although many directive antennas operating in a narrow band of millimeter (mm) waves were reported, e.g., antennas for 60GHz wireless local area network (WLAN), their wideband counterparts are still unpopular. Cavity-backed antennas (CBAs) are widely developed and reported in microwave frequency bands, but handful of literatures can be found about mm-wave CBAs in spite that their many propertie...

slow sand filters are as a proper technology for pre-treatment of raw water, with a fine and medium trubidity in small communities in developing countries. thus, with a minimum operation cost and minimum need for expest bodies have the maximum efficiency. the purpose of this research is carried out to evaluate the efficiency of two processes of horizontal flow roughing filter and vertical flow ...