Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is able to generate heat and dissipate energy in response to cold exposure in mammals. It has recently been acknowledged that adult humans also have functional BAT, whose metabolic activity is reduced in obesity. In healthy humans, the cerebral mechanisms that putatively control BAT function are unclear. By using positron emission tomography (PET), we showed that cold...

Compared to bacteria and plants, the cold shock response has attracted little attention in mammals except in some areas such as adaptive thermogenesis, cold tolerance, storage of cells and organs, and recently, treatment of brain damage and protein production. At the cellular level, some responses of mammalian cells are similar to microorganisms; cold stress changes the lipid composition of cel...

Tubulin from bovine brain was polymerized in vitro using a variety of assembly conditions. Many of the formed microtubules were shown to contain 14 wall protofilaments. The number of microtubules containing 14 protofilaments increased with consecutive repetitions of cold-dissociation followed by reassembly in vitro.

Background Infertility, typically defined as the inability of couples to become pregnant after 12 months of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Female infertility accounts for 45% of all infertilities among couples. In Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) there are variable recommendation for the prevention and treatment of female infertility and one of the most important is nutrition. The pu...

OBJECTIVES A rapid, ice-cold saline flush combined with active compression-decompression (ACD) plus an inspiratory impedance threshold device (ITD) cardiopulmonary resusitation (CPR) will cool brain tissue more effectively than with standard CPR (S-CPR) during cardiac arrest (CA). BACKGROUND Early institution of hypothermia after CPR and return of spontaneous circulation improves survival and...

OBJECT Accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) in malignant gliomas is induced by 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Because PPIX is a potent photosensitizer, the authors sought to discover whether its accumulation might be exploited for use in photoirradiation therapy of experimental brain tumors, without injuring normal or edematous brain. METHODS Thirty rats underwent craniotomy and were rand...

OBJECTIVE The neuroprotective effect of hypothermia has long been recognized. Use of hypothermia for stroke therapy, which is currently being induced by whole-body surface cooling, has been limited primarily because of management problems and severe side effects (e.g., pneumonia). The goal of this study was to determine whether local infusion of saline into ischemic territory could induce regio...

Hilz, M. J., B. Stemper, P. Sauer, U. Haertl, W. Singer, and F. B. Axelrod. Cold face test demonstrates parasympathetic cardiac dysfunction in familial dysautonomia. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 45): R1833–R1839, 1999.—In familial dysautonomia (FD), i.e., Riley-Day syndrome, parasympathetic dysfunction has not been sufficiently evaluated. The cold face test is a no...

UNLABELLED In aggregate, livers donated after circulatory death (DCD) provide lower rates of graft and patient survival compared to brain dead donors (DBD). A method to identify DCD livers likely to perform well would lead to better decision-making regarding which livers to use and which to discard and is an important unmet clinical need. We hypothesized that the ischemic time between extubatio...

One way of treating cancer is by chemotherapy. Side–effects of chemotherapy include hair loss. Cooling the scalp during treatment can reduce hair loss. For this cooling, a cap containing a cold fluid (cold cap) is used. However, the rate of success of this method varies strongly, because precise mechanisms of preservation are unknown. Temperature and perfusion are thought to play an important r...