The objective of this study to examine the econometric technique triple deficit’s hypothesis in existence multiple structural breaks. Triple deficit theory is a put forward by expanding twin theory, recognize private together with trade and budget investigate relationship among these under Keynesian approach. annual time series data has been used from 1975 2020. This applied techniques that cap...

Immunoglobulin class switch recombination (CSR) is initiated by DNA breaks triggered by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). These breaks activate DNA damage response proteins to promote appropriate repair and long-range recombination. Aberrant processing of these breaks, however, results in decreased CSR and/or increased frequency of illegitimate recombination between the immunoglobuli...

We consider a single-step Lagrange multiplier (LM) test for joint breaks (at known or unknown dates) in the long memory parameter, short-run dynamics, and level of fractionally integrated time-series process. The regression version this is easily implementable allows to identify specific sources break when null hypothesis parameter stability rejected. However, its size power properties are sens...

Double-strand breaks and other lesions in DNA can stimulate homologous genetic recombination in two quite different ways: by promoting recombination near the break (roughly within a kb) or far from the break. Recent emphasis on the repair aspect of recombination has focused attention on DNA interactions and recombination near breaks. Here I review evidence for recombination far from DNA breaks ...