The significance of breast tuberculosis is due to rare occurrence and mistaken identity with breast cancer and pyogenic breast abscess. Breast tuberculosis was scarcely reported even from endemic areas until lately when several reports have come up from South Africa and India. The incidence of tubercular mastitis although decreasing in the West, could show a resurgence with the global pandemic ...

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a relatively rare chronic inflammatory breast disease often mistaken for more common breast disorders, breast abscess or infectious mastitis, and can mimic inflammatory breast cancer.1,2 Since it was first described in 1972 by Kessler and Wolloch3, there have been only 541 cases reported worldwide as shown in a 2011 review article.4 Most patients are women o...

parapharyngeal abscess is a life-threatening disease. upper respiratory tract infection is the main cause in children. we present a 15-month-old boy admitted to the emergency ward with the chief complaint of difficulty in breathing caused by parapharyngealabscess. his condition deteriorated gradually, and he transferred to the operation theater quickly for abscess drainage and because of the di...

Nipple discharge is the third most common breast complaint after breast pain and breast mass, most commonly associated with endocrine alterations and/or medications, pregnancy, lactation, post lactation, fibrocystic disease, intraductal papilloma, duct ectasia, nipple adenoma, infection, chronic mastitis, subareolar abscess, and least frequently, breast carcinoma. Cytological examination of nip...

Objective: To determine frequency of different breast disorders in female patients varying age groups presenting to HBS Hospital Islamabad. Study design: A prospective descriptive study Place and duration: This was conducted department General Surgery from 1st May 2019 31 Dec 2021. Methodology: All surgical OPD indoor 2021 for diseases with no limitation were included the study. Data as at pres...

Breast abscesses can be a complication of infectious mastitis or the first presentation breast infection, presenting as pain, erythema, and lump. Actinomycosis is rare chronic disease caused by anaerobic branched filamentous gram-positive bacteria belonging to Actinomyces genus. It usually found in human mouth, digestive tract, genital tract but also cause abscesses. affecting condition that ty...