OBJECTIVES To describe the various factors that come into play when a breast-feeding mother is taking medications, including use of prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, recreational drugs, galactogogues, and herbal remedies and to provide a framework used for counseling breast-feeding women. SETTING Community and hospital pharmacy and health care settings. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION ...

this study was conducted to investigate factors hindering the flow of breast milk, thus interfering with breast feeding during six weeks post delivery in women attending the health units associated with iran medical university in tehran (1993)   a total of 240 mothers were selected of whom 180 nursed their babies exclusively and 60 of them were giving addional helping formula.   based on the fi...

Breast-feeding is a known protective factor against breast cancer. Breast-feeding duration is influenced by hormone levels, milk production, and lifestyle factors. The aims were to investigate how breast-feeding duration and milk production affected tumor characteristics and risk for early breast cancer events in primary breast cancer patients. Between 2002 and 2008, 634 breast cancer patients ...

Concentrations of HIV-1 RNA and DNA in mucosal compartments influence the risk of sexual transmission and mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. Breast milk production is physiologically regulated such that supply is a function of infant demand, but whether demand also influences HIV-1 dynamics in breast milk is unknown. We tested whether minor and major changes in feeding frequency influence b...

OBJECTIVE despite the well-documented benefits of breast feeding to both mother and child, breast-feeding initiation rates in Ireland are the second lowest in Europe. This study set out to explore the views of women from low socio-economic groups in Ireland on their choice to feed their infants artificial milk, and to elicit factors that may encourage these women to breast feed in the future. ...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The duration of exclusive breast-feeding in Bangladesh is low. Though several studies have been carried out on breast-feeding in Bangladesh, the factors influencing the duration of breast-feeding are not studied. The purpose of this study was to assess the duration of breast-feeding among children in Bangladesh and to study socio-economic and demographic factors affectin...

the most common reason for women ceasing breast-feeding were lack of support and appropriate advice. to explore the advice about breast-feeding given by community midwives and compare and contrast their advice in swansea (uk) and shahrekord (iran). data collected through semi-structured interview with a sample of 12 community midwives, 6 from each country. purposive sample was selected as capab...

BACKGROUND Despite evidences indicating the superiority of breastfeeding and recent advances in the indicators of breastfeeding in Brazil, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) during the first six months after birth continues to be an infrequent practice in the country. The objective of the present study was to determine which gestational, perinatal, and postnatal factors of the mother-baby dyad might...

BACKGROUND Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for 6 months is the recommended form of infant feeding. Support of mothers through individual peer counselling has been proved to be effective in increasing exclusive breastfeeding prevalence. We present a costing study of an individual peer support intervention in Uganda, whose objective was to raise exclusive breastfeeding rates at 3 months of age. M...

Breast-feeding policy tends to be an emotive issue. International agencies recommend exclusive breast-feeding for 4-6 months followed by continued partial breast-feeding into the second year of life in order to promote infant and child health and minimize the damage caused by the malnutrition-infection cycle. To what extent are these recommendations supported by the experimental evidence? Are t...