BACKGROUND Fencers often complain of progressive difficulty in breathing during matches, which is generally attributed to restricted air, light and heat circulation from wearing a mask. Physiologically, the nasal structure generates airflow resistance that can reach -50% of the total respiratory resistance. OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the presence of nasal obstruction in fencers...

Kohler, Malcolm, Robert Thurnheer, and Konrad E. Bloch. Side-selective, unobtrusive monitoring of nasal airflow and conductance. J Appl Physiol 101: 1760–1765, 2006. First published July 13, 2006; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00517.2006.—Whether nasal obstruction disturbs sleep and nocturnal breathing is controversial because convenient techniques for measuring nasal resistance during sleep are lac...

Breathing waveform extracted via nasal thermistor is the most common method to study respiratory function in sleep studies. In essence, this is a temporal waveform of mean temperatures in the nostril region that at every time step collapses two-dimensional data into a single point. Hence, spatial heat distribution in the nostrils is lost along with valuable functional and anatomical cues. This ...

This article explores both sides of the controversy concerning respiratory behaviors and dentofacial development. The literature is replete with statements that airway impairment alters facial and dental growth, but there also is substantial evidence to the contrary. Much of the confusion stems from the subjective criteria frequently used in defining the terms impairment and mouth breathing. Ad...

In this paper, we examined distribution and deposition of inhaled 99mTc aerosols in human respiratory tract, nebulization equipment and expired aerosols. Jet nebulizers were used and aerosols were inhaled through the nose. Results were as follows: 1. On normal breathing, deposition rate of human respiratory tracts in normal subjects were 22% of total dosage and there was no difference from sinu...

Mammalian, including human, neonates are considered to be obligate nose breathers. When constrained to breathe through their mouth in response to obstructed or closed nasal passages, the effects are pervasive and profound, and sometimes last into adulthood. The present paper briefly surveys neonates' and infants' responses to this atypical mobilisation of the mouth for breathing and focuses on ...

An 8-week-old piglet with dyspnoea, bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge and mouth breathing was euthanased and a necropsy was performed. Apart from histological evidence of diffuse rhinitis, large intranuclear inclusion bodies, pathognomonic forporcine cytomegalovirus infection, were detected within mucous glands on the nasal turbinates. This is the first such case to be diagnosed in South A...

We present a case of congenital salivary gland anlage tumor (SGAT) of the nasal septum in a 2-week-old infant who had difficulty breathing through her nose since birth. CT and MR imaging demonstrated a circumscribed mass within the nasal cavity that did not communicate with the intracranial compartment. Differential diagnosis and clinical significance of recognizing this rare lesion are reviewed.

Whether nasal obstruction disturbs sleep and nocturnal breathing is controversial because convenient techniques for measuring nasal resistance during sleep are lacking. Therefore, we developed a technique for unobtrusive, side-selective nasal conductance monitoring. The technique measures left and right nasal airflow and transnasal pressure using nasal cannulas, thin catheters inserted through ...

Paralysis of the respiratory muscles in people with tetraplegia affects their ability to breathe and contributes to respiratory complications. Surface functional electrical stimulation (FES) of abdominal wall muscles can be used to increase tidal volume (V_{T}) and improve cough peak flow (CPF) in tetraplegic subjects who are able to breathe spontaneously. This study aims to evaluate the feasib...