This paper investigates the relationship between the quasilocal energy of Brown and York and certain spinorial expressions for gravitational energy constructed from the Witten-Nester integral. A key feature of the Brown-York method for defining quasilocal energy is that it allows for the freedom to assign the reference point of the energy. When possible, it is perhaps most natural to reference ...

During year 2008–11, some infected leaves of eucalypt trees (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.) having blight and spot symptoms were collected in Golestan province (N Iran). The necrotic spots were appeared on both surfaces of the leaves and were circular to irregular, single to confluent, medium brown to light brown with red brown margin (Fig. 1A & B). In some cases, young leaves have been sever...

We study a construction method (first used in a paper by Brown [7] and having been rediscovered by several authors recently) producing small (k, 6)-graphs. We prove that under some conditions the known constructions are best possible in the sense that one cannot hope for smaller examples from this method. Both algebraic and combinatorial tools are used.

primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism can present with a brown tumor of the mandible. involvement of other skull and facial bones is extremely rare. only a few cases with brown tumor of the orbital bones have been reported. an is year old girl with primary hyperparathyroidism presented with unilateral exophthalmos caused by brown tumor of the orbital roof, lite patient had a 1.5 cm palpable ...

Sixty seven serum samples collected from 43 European brown bears (Ursus arctos) from Croatia were tested for < or = 31 serum chemistry parameters. Results were grouped and compared by bears origin (method of capture), sex, age, mass, and season sampled. Greatest differences were found between captive and free-living bears, and minor differences were found when sex, age, mass, or season of sampl...

A simple, inexpensive, and rapid method for the determination of pregnanediol in pregnancy urine by gas liquid chromatography is described. Automatic injection of the samples into the gas chromatograph allows up to 36 samples to be run overnight thus saving valuable technical time.The method described can easily be adopted for use in a routine steroid laboratory. The results obtained by this me...

Brown et al. (1) critique our previous report (2) and judge the results " no more than the product of chance. " We share Brown et al.'s interest in protecting the field against false claims and appreciate their desire to ground their evaluation in reanalysis of our data. However , we have discovered that Brown et al.'s reanalysis itself contains major statistical and factual errors that ultimat...

Much is known about brown adipose tissue (BAT) in rodents. Its function is to generate heat in response to low environmental temperatures and to diet or overfeeding. The knowledge about BAT in humans is still rather limited despite the recent rediscovery of its functionality in adults. This review highlights the information available on the contribution of BAT in increasing human energy expendi...

Brown trout, Salmo trutta fario, has a wide range of distribution in the north of Iran and in Karaj, Lighvanchai and Karun Rivers, but there is no report about its feeding behavior in some water resources including the Lar Natural Park. In order to study feeding behavior of this fish during spawning season, a survey was carried out in the rivers of Elarm, Aab-Sefid, Kamardasht and Delichayi in ...

Objective: An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of citrus brown snail powder as a source of calcium on growth performance, tibia characteristics, immune response and blood metabolites in broiler chickens.  Methods: One hundred and eighty 1-day old chicks were randomly distributed into four treatments, each of which had three replicates. Each replicate contains 15 chicks. The t...