Perfect capital markets require linear budget constraints, without credit rationing creating any tight borrowing constraints before the end of agents’ economic lifetimes. Yet lifetime linear budget constraints are totally unenforceable. This paper considers what allocations can be enforced through monitoring in a simple two period economy when agents have private information regarding their end...

Nurse leaders control the largest part of a hospital labor budget, in some cases the largest part of the overall budget. The effectiveness of overseeing this responsibility can mean the difference between an organization's financial stability and financial turmoil. The nursing department at Northwestern Memorial Hospital took ownership of its financial performance. Over the past 2 years, their ...

The collaboration between Sharp Laboratories of America (SLA), Oregon State University (OSU) and ORNL focused on low thermal budget pulse thermal processing (PTP) technique to develop high performance copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) thin film system for advanced photovoltaic (PV) applications, with the goal to develop novel fabrication processes for the manufacture of low-cost, high-performance ...

This paper proposes an adaptive energy minimization approach that hierarchically applies DVFS, thread-to-core affinity and dynamic concurrency controls (DCT) to minimize the energy consumption and improve lifetime reliability through balanced thermal controls, while meeting a specified power budget requirement. Fundamental to this approach is an iterative learning-based control algorithm that a...

This paper examines how managers in a Danish municipality balance tight budgetary control with flexibility when providing quality services. Using the levers of framework as an analytical lens, study shows tackle complexities and uncertainties using accounting information interactive processes. Furthermore, it demonstrates processes enable professional judgments while simultaneously achieving co...

iran  budgeting  structure  and concepts  have  changed  since  200 i .these changes  embrace  the  items  such  as  ,   concepts  of revenues  ,   expenses  , capital   assets   as  well   as   financial   assets   ,    which   resulted    in  more information  transparency .   as a results  the government  budget  is  drawn up  as  such  of an  economic   firm's  budget.  structural  ref...