background: the aim of this study was to apply the nested-pcr and bioassay methods in detection and genotyping of toxoplasma gondii infection in provided sheep aborted fetus samples from qazvin province of iran. methods : eighteen sheep aborted fetal samples were studied by nested-pcr-rflp, histopathologi­cal observation and microbiological assay. bioassay in mice was carried out by inoculating...

a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay with two pairs of primers was applied for the detection of m. tuberculosis complex dna in specimens of 51 patients. of these, 31 clinically diagnosed patients (group i) recruited from july 1996 to june 1997 were given antituherculous chemotherapy from one to six months with standard daily regimen (isaniazid, 5 mg/kg; rifampin, 10 mg/kg; pyrazinamit...

Rice false smut (RFS) is an important rice disease that is caused by the pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens. In this study, we developed a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect U. virens and to estimate the level of disease. The genomic DNAs of U. virens and rice were extracted together from the rice samples. Real-time PCR assays were performed and compared to conventional neste...

Background and Aims: HDV is a defective satellite virus and classified in genus Deltavirus. Its disease is related and limited to HBV-infected patients. Acute infection of delta agent occurs in two different patterns simultaneous infection with both HBV & HDV or super infection of chronically HBV infected patients that lead to more sever type of hepatitis. According to genetic diversity of geno...

background and purpose: pneumocystis pneumonia, caused by pneumocystis jirovecii, is a fatal disease threatening patients with aids or immunosuppression. assessment of colonization in these patients is of great significance, since it can lead to severe pulmonary disorders. considering the scarcity of published reports on pneumocystis jirovecii isolates from patients in mashhad, iran, we aimed t...

We report a nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for hantavirus using primers selected to match high homology regions of hantavirus genomes detected from the whole blood of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) patients from Brazil, also including the N gene nucleotide sequence of Araraquara virus. Hantavirus genomes were detected in eight out of nine blood...

We performed a real-time PCR assay to detect herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA, and compared it prospectively with a nested PCR assay in 164 clinical samples (109 cerebrospinal fluid and 55 sera) from patients suspected of having neonatal HSV infection or HSV encephalitis. In 25 of 164 samples, HSV DNA was detected by the nested PCR assay. All samples positive for HSV DNA in the nested PCR assay w...

BACKGROUND There is evidence to suggest that human papillomavirus (HPV) can cross the placenta resulting in in-utero transmission. The goal of this study was to determine if HPV can be detected in amniotic fluid from women with intact amniotic membranes. METHODS Residual amniotic fluid and cultured cell pellets from amniocentesis performed for prenatal diagnosis were used. PGMY09/11 L1 consen...

We developed a sensitive and rapid real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to detect influenza A H5N1 virus in clinical samples. This assay was evaluated with samples from H5N1-infected patients and demonstrated greater sensitivity and faster turnaround time than nested RT-PCR.

Hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) caused by Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is an important disease of cultivated shrimp. Heavy infections may lead to retarded growth and unprofitable harvests. Existing PCR detection methods target the EHP small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene (SSU-PCR). However, we discovered that they can give false positive test results due to cross reactivity ...