Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a cytokine known to be involved in the recruitment of monocytes to sites of injury. MCP-1 activates the chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2), a seven-transmembrane helix G protein-coupled receptor that has been implicated in inflammatory pain responses. Here we show that MCP-1 mediates activation of the CCR2 receptor and inhibits coexpressed N-ty...

We investigated the cellular mechanism underlying presynaptic regulation of olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) input to the mouse olfactory bulb using optical imaging techniques that selectively report activity in the ORN presynaptic terminal. First, we loaded ORNs with calcium-sensitive dye and imaged stimulus-evoked calcium influx in a slice preparation. Single olfactory nerve shocks evoked rapi...

Aims And Objectives: As of 2016, An estimated 180 million people in India have primary hypertension. We set out to investigate the pharmacotherapeutic profile in this vast and varied population. Our objective was to assess what fraction of our study population was on medication in accordance to the best available contemporary medical evidence by comparing our results with 05 International guide...

High-voltage-activated (HVA) calcium channels are known to be the primary source of calcium for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. However, few studies have investigated how these channels can be regulated by chronically elevated levels of glucose. In the present study, we determined the level of expression of the four major HVA calcium channels (N-type, P/Q-type, L(C)-type, and L(D)-type) i...

Although vascular compliance, deltaV/deltaP, is abnormal in essential hypertension and can be improved by antihypertensive drug therapy, it is not clear whether drug-induced changes in compliance are attributable solely to lower achieved blood pressure (BP), and thus equally likely with different drugs possessing similar antihypertensive efficacy. Therefore, we used computerized arterial pulse ...

Migraine preventive therapy, even in the absence of a headache, is given in an attempt to reduce the frequency, duration, or severity of attacks. Circumstances that might warrant preventive treatment include disabling migraine attacks, the overuse of acute medications or failure of or contraindication to acute medications, troublesome side effects from medication, hemiplegic migraine, or very f...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and costs associated with a formulary conversion from amlodipine to alternative calcium channel blockers. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING Veterans Affairs Medical Center. PATIENTS One hundred patients with hypertension who were receiving amlodipine. INTERVENTION Data from a random sample of 100 patients who were taking amlodipin...

Therapeutic administration of calcium channel-blocking medications has been correlated with reduced mannose receptor expression and iatrogenic human male infertility. In this report, we investigate whether the pharmacological activity of dihydropyridines, which block calcium influx through voltage-dependent calcium channels, contributes to the production of an infertile state. An influx of extr...

Whole cell currents and miniature glutamatergic synaptic events (minis) were recorded in vitro from cardiac vagal neurons in the nucleus ambiguus using the patch-clamp technique. We examined whether voltage-dependent calcium channels were involved in the nicotinic excitation of cardiac vagal neurons. Nicotine evoked an inward current, increase in mini amplitude, and increase in mini frequency i...

Some 100 European cardiologists discussed calcium antagonists' role in the management of stable angina. Sixty-two percent of those involved used calcium antagonists rather than beta-blockers as first line therapy; 46% were prepared to use calcium antagonists in patients who had had a myocardial infarction more than 6 months previously. Only one tenth would use calcium antagonists in angina pati...