(1) Calcium greatly increased crystallization of monosodium urate in otherwise pure water, by enhancing both nucleation and growth. (2) Acid accelerated urate nucleation, both by its direct action and indirectly by increasing the free calcium in physiological fluids. (3) Synovial fluid from one gouty patient accelerated urate nucleation, while that from one rheumatoid patient inhibited nucleati...

Calcium ion binding with the anionic part of a molecule was replaced with various metal cations and their inhibitory effects on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 were evaluated. Replacement of calcium ion with sodium and potassium ions maintained the antiviral activity while divalent and trivalent metal cations reduced the activity. Depolymerization of sodium spirulan with hydrogen...

A number of advances have been made recently in our knowledge of the mechanisms of mitochondrial Ca2+ transport, and these offer new perspectives to the problem of why mitochondria transport Cal+. Progress with cardiac mitochondria has been favoured by the resolution of the overall flux of Caz+ across the inner membrane into two distinct components, which represent catalysis by two separate car...

Cellular energy metabolism, survival and death are controlled by mitochondrial calcium signals originating in the cytoplasm. Now, RNAi studies link three proteins - MICU1, NCLX and LETM1 - to the previously unknown molecular mechanism of mitochondrial calcium transport.

an oral suspension could a suitable dosage form for the geriatric patients. the calcium alginate coated ion exchange resinate of propranolol hydrochloride were prepared using amberlite ir-120 by solvent evaporation. microcapsules of propranolol hydrochloride resinate were prepared by solvent evaporation technique,the suspensions were prepared by using deionised water as the vehicle. methyl cell...

Currently available genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) utilize calmodulins (CaMs) or troponin C from metazoa such as mammals, birds, and teleosts, as calcium-binding domains. The amino acid sequences of the metazoan calcium-binding domains are highly conserved, which may limit the range of the GECI key parameters and cause undesired interactions with the intracellular environment in...

Until recently the mechanisms that allowed the chief cells of the parathyroid glands to secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) at a rate that is responsive to the extracellular calcium ion concentration (Ca o ) remained obscure (Brown 1991). The cloning of an extracellular calcium ion-sensing receptor (CaR) from bovine parathyroid tissue has defined an important step in the regulatory pathway of thi...

Calcium carbonate forms scales, geological deposits, biominerals, and ocean sediments. Huge amounts of carbon dioxide are retained as carbonate ions, and calcium ions represent a major contribution to water hardness. Despite its relevance, little is known about the precipitation mechanism of calcium carbonate, and specified complex crystal structures challenge the classical view on nucleation c...

This study aimed at improving the photocatalytic (PC) oxidation of humic acids (HA) in TiO2 suspensions by adding cationic ion such as calcium or magnesium. A set of tests was first conducted in the dark to study the adsorption of HA onto TiO2 in suspensions at different pH and calcium concentrations. The experiment demonstrated that the adsorption of HA onto the TiO2 particles was either pH-de...

Calcium and lithium ion beams are required by NASA Space Radiation Laboratory at Brookhaven National Laboratory to simulate the effects of cosmic radiation. To identify the difficulties in providing such highly reactive materials as laser targets, both species were experimentally tested. Plate shaped lithium and calcium targets were fabricated to create ablation plasmas with a 6 ns 1064 nm neod...