The purpose of the WFS specification, proposed by the the OpenGIS Consortium (OGC), is to describe the manipulation operations over geospatial data using GML. Web servers providing WFS service are called WFS Servers. WFS servers publish GML views of geographic features stored in data sources such that the user can query and update data sources through a user defined feature type schema. In this...

This paper will discuss about the evolution of Geography Markup Language ( compression model.GML is a type of XML files normally used to store spatial data from database. However due to the huge size processing and transferring this type of file will cost performance and storage issue. Throughout the years several GML file compression model has been developed to help in addressing this problem....

In this paper penalized weighted least-squares is used to jointly estimate nonparametric functions from contemporaneously correlated data. Under conditions generally encountered in practice, it is shown that these joint estimates have smaller posterior variances than those of marginal estimates and are therefore more efficient. We describe three methods: generalized maximum likelihood (GML), ge...

The Cp selection criterion is a popular method to choose the smoothing parameter in spline regression. Another widely used method is the generalized maximum likelihood (GML) derived from a normal-theory empirical Bayes framework. These two seemingly unrelated methods, have been shown in Efron (Ann. Statist. 29 (2001) 470) and Kou and Efron (J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 97 (2002) 766) to be actually...

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GML is a promising model for integrating geodata within data warehouses. The resulting databases are generally large and require spatial operators to be handled. Depending on the size of the target geographical data and the number and complexity of operators in a query, the processing time may quickly become prohibitive. To optimize spatial queries over GML encoded data, this paper introduces a...