La fiscalité énergétique et son volet incitatif, la composante carbone, se heurtent en France à une faible acceptation de part des contribuables. Cet article propose synthèse aspects les plus saillants du problème. L’impopularité historique impôts indirects nouveauté rôle incitatif l’impôt l’échelle mondiale, l’...

The mechanisms behind the 20 ppm pre-industrial rise in atmospheric CO2 since 6000 BC have been the focus of considerable debate in recent years. Some studies suggest that natural processes, such as a decline in global forests, calcite compensation, and warming ocean temperatures, can explain the increase in CO2. Others have argued that, because the CO2 increase did not occur during previous in...

For a simply laced and hyperbolic Kac–Moody group G = G(R) over a commutative ring R with 1, we consider a map from a finite presentation of G(R) obtained by Allcock and Carbone to a representation–theoretic construction G(R) corresponding to an integrable representation V λ with dominant integral weight λ. When R = Z, we prove that this map extends to a group homomorphism ρλ,Z : G(Z)→ G(Z). We...

A modified Gran and a non-Iinear curve-fitting method of evaluation are applied to the photometrie titration of seawater with hydrochloric acid. The procedures are tested on theoretical and experimental data using bromocresol purple as an indicator. Oceanol. Acta, 1983, 6, 4, 357-364. RÉSUMÉ Détermination de l'alcalinité et du carbone inorganique total dans l'eâu de mer par dosage photométrique...