Here we present the case of a 90-year-old man with chronic heart and renal failure who was admitted with what appeared to be a simple heart failure exacerbation. However, further investigation led to the diagnosis of profound amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism as the cause of his acute decompensation, highlighting the importance of a broad differential diagnosis and thorough investigation.

Background: Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) represents mainly cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to various complications associated with renal dysfunction—defined as type 4 CRS by Ronco et al.—because the effect of cardiac dysfunction on the kidneys does not need to be taken into consideration, unlike in non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease (C...

Background: Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) represents mainly cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to various complications associated with renal dysfunction—defined as type 4 CRS by Ronco et al.—because the effect of cardiac dysfunction on the kidneys does not need to be taken into consideration, unlike in non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease (C...

The clinical relevance of the bidirectional cross-talk between heart and kidney is increasingly recognized. However, the optimal approach to the management of kidney dysfunction in heart failure remains unclear. The purpose of this article is to outline the most plausible pathophysiologic theories that attempt to explain the renal impairment in acute and chronic heart failure, and to review the...