The kinetic behavior of the carnitine:acylcarnitine translocase was studied in isolated rat heart mitochondria. The kinetic parameters, Km(apparent) and Vmax, for carnitine were determined by measuring the rates of influx of [14C]carnitine using two different methods to quench the exchange reaction. The range of the Km(app) was 0.38-1.50 mM and the Vmax was 0.20-0.34 nmol/mg . min by both metho...

Excess fat accumulation has been observed widely in farmed fish; therefore, efficient lipid-lowering factors have obtained high attention in the current fish nutrition studies. Dietary L-carnitine can increase fatty acid β-oxidation in mammals, but has produced contradictory results in different fish species. To date, the mechanisms of metabolic regulation of L-carnitine in fish have not been f...

Carnitine has been reported to improve growth performance and reduce body lipid content in fish. Thus, we hypothesised that carnitine supplementation can improve growth performance and reduce lipid content in the liver and muscle of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), a commonly cultured freshwater fish in inland China, and tested this hypothesis in the present study. Diets containing l-c...

1. Carnitine acetyltransferase is very rapidly inhibited in the presence of bromoacetyl-(-)-carnitine plus CoA or of bromoacetyl-CoA plus (-)-carnitine. 2. Under appropriate conditions, the enzyme may be titrated with either bromoacetyl substrate analogue; in each case about lmole of inhibitor is required to inactivate completely 1 mole of enzyme of molecular weight 58 000 + 3000. 3. Inhibition...

this study was conducted to investigate the effects of l-carnitine and different levels of animal fat on performance, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters of broiler chickens. two hundred one-day old male broiler chicks were allotted to5 treatments in 4 replicates and 10 birds in each replicate. dietary treatments consisted of: 1) diet with 5% vegetable oil (t1), 2) diet with 5% ve...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral ischemic insults disrupt normal respiratory activity in mitochondria. Carnitine plays an essential role in mitochondrial metabolism and in modulating excess acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) levels. The effects of cerebral ischemia on carnitine metabolism are not well understood, although the newborn may be particularly vulnerable to carnitine deficiency. We used a newb...

conclusions acute l-carnitine supplementation possibly affects exercise performance and triglycerides in athletes rather than sedentary men. objectives this study aimed to investigate the acute effects of l-carnitine supplementation on aerobic metabolic efficiency and lipid profiles in sedentary and athletic men. methods fifteen sedentary (20.4 ± 1.5 years) and 15 athletic (21.5 ± 2.4 years) me...

Carnitine has vital roles in the endogenous metabolism of short chain fatty acids. It can protect and support gut microbial species, and some dietary fibers can reduce the available iron involved in the bioactivity of carnitine. There is also an antagonistic relationship between high microbial populations and carnitine bioavailability. This review shows the interactions between carnitine and gu...

We present two cases of carnitine deficiency in pregnancy. In our first case, systematic screening revealed L-carnitine deficiency in the first born of an asymptomatic mother. In the course of her second pregnancy, maternal carnitine levels showed a deficiency as well. In a second case, a mother known with carnitine deficiency under supplementation was followed throughout her pregnancy. Both pr...

Carnitine-H3 or palmitate-U4 incubated with heart muscle preparations waa incorporated into a compound that had chromatographic behavior in several systems identical to that of palmitylcarnitine chemically synthesized from palmityl chloride and carnitine. Palmitylcarnitine biosynthesis from palmitic acid and carnitine was dependent upon ATP and CoA in addition to substrates and an enzyme prepar...