In this investigation, serum steroid hormones such as testosterone (T), 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) in 12 female of the migratory population of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in southeast of Caspian Sea during a year from May 2011 to May 2012 were studied. The results of present study revealed that changes in levels of steroid hormones, (E2) and (T) were closely correlated to ovarian...

The effects of ethanol concentration (0%-100%, v/v), solid-to-solvent ratio (1:10-1:60, w/v) and extraction time (30-180 min) on the extraction of polyphenols from agarwood (Aquilaria crassna) were examined. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total flavanol (TF) assays and HPLC-DAD were used for the determination and quantification of polyphenols, flavanol gallates ...

background & aim: marshmallow (althaea officinalis) is one of the most popular medicinal plants used in traditional medicine with antibacterial and antioxidant properties. this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of marshmallow extract (althaea officinalis l.) administration on blood cells and biochemical parameters of carp liver. experimental: 150 carp (weighing 37.65 ± 4.40 g) wer...

Oxidative and inflammatory stress represents a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in overweight and obese subjects. Between the different plant foods, chocolate has been shown to decrease CVD risk due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, as we recently showed in epidemiological studies, meta-analyses, and human trials, dietary antioxidants resulted more ...

The production of betok fish has experienced overfishing and resulted in a decrease productivity, therefore one the efforts made to help success spawning can be done by stimulating factors related reproductive system, namely work hormones gonadal maturation artificial with hypophysation method. This study aims look at response goat pituitary extract fecundity (A. testudineus, Bloch). research w...

Background & Aim: The human body has the liver as one of its largest organs. It serves as the major site for metabolism and excretion. Injury to the liver or impairment of its functions may complicate one’s health and therefore, constitutes one of the serious public health challenges. The ethanol seed extract of Citrus paradisi Macfad (CPE) was carried out to evaluate ...

To evaluate the effects of anesthesia with different concentrations of clove extract (0, 50, 200, 400 and 600 mg) on sperm function and some hematological parameters in Prussian carp, Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782), 30 mature male were examined. In this purpose, sperm motility traits and some hematological parameters ( Red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit (PCV)...

Background & Aim: Marshmallow (Althaea officinalis) is one of the most popular medicinal plants used in traditional medicine with antibacterial and antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of marshmallow extract (Althaea officinalis L.) administration on blood cells and biochemical parameters of carp liver. Experimental: 150 carp (weighing 37.6...

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) is the precursor of a number of biologically active peptides, including adrenocorticotropic hormone, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and beta-endorphin, which are released by the pituitary glands of fish as well as mammals. To quantify the levels of expression of the two POMC mRNAs relative to one another during the response of the common carp to temperature-ind...

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (encoded by the cpe gene) contributes to several important human, and possibly veterinary, enteric diseases. The current study investigated whether cpe locus organization in type C or D isolates resembles one of the three (one chromosomal and two plasmid-borne) cpe loci commonly found amongst type A isolates. Multiplex PCR assays capable of detecting sequence...