Lithium-sulphur batteries are under intense research due to the high specific capacity and low cost. However, several problems limit their commercialization. One of them is the insulating nature of sulphur, which necessitates a large amount of conductive agent and binder in the cathode, reducing the effective sulphur load as well as the energy density. Here we introduce a redox mediator, cobalt...

We report measurements of the azimuthal emission nonuniformity of a gyrotron's thermionic cathode as determined from two experiments, one which determines the total emission and one which scans the emitted beam using a rotating probe. In the total emission experiment, which measured the total collector current over a range of voltages, the cathode's total work function spread was found to be 0....

An approximate analytic solution is constructed for the 2D space-charge-limited emission by a cathode surrounded by nonemitting conducting ledges of width Lambda. An essentially exact solution (via conformal mapping) of the electrostatic problem in vacuum is matched to the solution of a linearized problem in the space charge region whose boundaries are sharp due to the presence of a strong magn...

A highly crystalline LiCoPO4/C cathode material has been synthesized without noticeable impurities via a single step solid-state reaction using CoHPO4·xH2O nanoplate as a precursor obtained by a simple precipitation route. The LiCoPO4/C cathode delivered a specific capacity of 125 mAhg(-1) at a charge/discharge rate of C/10. The nanoplate precursor and final LiCoPO4/C cathode have been characte...

amended in the light of a more detailed study of the development of the anode-fall region of the discharge. A pseudo-FDS may sometimes develop, leading to misleading results. (4) The minimum distance from the cathode at which the anode fall develops is strongly dependent on the dimensions of a hollow cathode as well as on the pressure and current density. (5) A distinction must be made between ...

Direct measurements and Monte Carlo simulations of the energy distribution of energetic neutrals incident onto the cathode of a dc glow discharge are presented. The measurements are performed by time-of-flight analysis of neutrals escaping through a cathode orifice. The experimental results are found to be in good agreement with Monte Carlo simulations. It is found that commonly-used theories f...

Electrochemical energy storage systems are categorized into different types, according to their mechanisms, including capacitors, supercapacitors, batteries and fuel cells. All battery systems include some main components: anode, cathode, an aqueous/non-aqueous electrolyte and a membrane that separates anode and cathode while being permeable to ions. Being one of the key parts of any new electr...

A Picture Description Language (PDL) and a Picture Calculus have been developed for the formal description and manipulation of pictures. A display program which utilizes PDL string descriptions as the principal data structure has been developed. This display program permits the generation of drawings on a computer-controlled cathode ray tube and allows transformations according to the rules of ...

Electrochemical reaction behavior of a commercial Li-ion battery (LiFePO4-based cathode, graphite-based anode) has been measured via in-situ neutron diffraction. Multivariate analysis was successfully applied to the neutron diffraction dataset facilitating in the determination of Li bearing phases participating in the electrochemical reaction in both the anode and cathode as a function of state...

This paper presents an analysis of the material recovery system for leaded glass from cathode ray tubes (CRTs) using a dynamic material flow analysis. In particular, the global mass flow of primary and secondary CRT glass and the theoretical capacities for using secondary CRT glass to make new CRT glass are analyzed. The global mass flow analysis indicates that the amount of new glass required ...