Towards overcoming the size limitations of conventional two-photon fluorescence microscopy, we introduce two-photon imaging based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scanners. Single crystalline silicon scanning mirrors that are 0.75 mm x 0.75 mm in size and driven in two dimensions by microfabricated vertical comb electrostatic actuators can provide optical deflection angles through a ran...

A graphene oxide-terpyridine conjugate (GOTC) based colorimetric and fluorescent nano-chemosensor was synthesized. It showed high selectivity and sensitivity for Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions in neutral aqueous solution over other metal ions such as Li+, Na+, Ba2+, Ca2+, Al3+, Cd2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Mn...

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme which catalyses the hydrolysis of choline esters, such as acetylcholine, is very important in nerve function. Previous structural studies showed the possible amyloid fibril formation on the AChE. Therefore it is important to understand interaction of ligands to prevent the formation of  amyloid fibrils. The purpose of the present study was to  char...

Human serum albumin (HSA) is an abundant, multifunctional and nonglycosylated negatively charged plasma protein. HSA ascribed ligand-binding and transport properties, antioxidant functions and enzymatic activities. In the present study, the interaction and side effects of a new designed anti-cancer compound (1,10-phenanthroline butyl dithiocarbamato palladium(II) nitrate) on HSA have been inves...

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) from Streptomyces aureofaciens was purified and denatured in 6 M urea. Denaturation led to complete dissociation of the enzyme into its inactive monomers, 98% loss of the enzyme activity, about 30% decrease in the protein fluorescence and a 10 nm red shift in the emission maximum. Dilution of urea-denatured enzyme resulted in regaining of the enzyme acti...

Background: This Cross sectional comparative study was performed to compare the mean fluorescence intensity of cluster of differentiation 45 between healthy individuals and patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Patients and methods: Thirty three healthy individuals (mean age 11 years) and 41 patients with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (mean age 7 years) were enrolled in the study...

Based on a novel coumarin-quinolinium platform, probe 2 was rationally designed and synthesized as a novel ratiometric fluorescent sensor for sulfite anions. The probe exhibited a wide dynamic concentration range for sulfite anions in a PBS buffer (containing 1 mg mL(-1) BSA). More importantly, the probe was suitable for ratiometric fluorescence imaging in living cells with high sensitivity, fa...

The photosynthesis of various species or even a single plant varies dramatically in time and space, creating great spatial heterogeneity within a plant canopy. Continuous and spatially explicit monitoring is, therefore, required to assess the dynamic response of plant photosynthesis to the changing environment. This is a very challenging task when using the existing portable field instrumentati...

One of the more popular single-molecule approaches in biological science is single-molecule fluorescence microscopy, which is the subject of the following section of this volume. Fluorescence methods provide the sensitivity required to study biology on the single-molecule level, but they also allow access to useful measurable parameters on time and length scales relevant for the biomolecular wo...

The complexation of Cm(III) and Eu(III) with 2,9-bis(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-benzotriazin-3-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline (CyMe4-BTPhen) and 6,6'-bis(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-benzotriazin-3-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine (CyMe4-BTBP) in methanolic solution was investigated by TRLFS. For both ligands, the 1:2 complex with the particular metal ion is the only species obser...