In this study we test a number of different claims about the nature of stylistic variation at the "single-word" stage by examining the relation between variation in early vocabulary composition, variation in early language use, and variation in the structural and functional propreties of mothers' child-directed speech. Maternal-report and observational data were collected for 26 children at 10,...

We introduce Incremental Semantic Analysis, a fully incremental word space model, and we test it on longitudinal child-directed speech data. On this task, ISA outperforms the related Random Indexing algorithm, as well as a SVD-based technique. In addition, the model has interesting properties that might also be characteristic of the semantic space of children.

We present a language-independent tool, called Varseta, for extracting variation sets in child-directed speech. This tool is evaluated against a gold standard corpus annotated with variation sets, MINGLE-3-VS, and used to explore variation sets in 26 languages1 in CHILDES-26-VS, a comparable corpus derived from the CHILDES database. The tool and the resources are freely available for research.2

Background. The objective of this study was to examine the epidemiology, natural history, and prognostic factors of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) using population-based registry. Methods. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database (1973-2004) was used to identify cases of cHCC-CC. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate factors ass...

OBJECTIVES To develop a valid and reliable instrument to assess caregiver burden in caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS A self-administered, multidimensional instrument--Caregiver Difficulties Scale (CDS)--was developed using a combined qualitative-quantitative approach. Items for the preliminary draft were selected from existing caregiver assessment instruments by consen...