The idea that central pain syndromes can be treated by manipulation of the motor cortex derives from the landmark observations of Penfield (Lende et al., 1971). While reoperating on patients on whom he had previously resected a portion of the post central gyrus for epilepsy and whose seizures recurred, Penfield observed that stimulation of the corresponding primary motor cortex elicited sensory...

introduction : post endodontic pain is often linked to the inflammatory process as well as additional central mechanisms. the purpose of the present double-blind randomized clinical trial study was to compare the prophylactic effects of a derivative of zingiber officinale , zintoma , and ibuprofen on post endodontic pain of molars with irreversible pulpitis. materials and methods: the post endo...

background: opioid analgesics are the mainstay of the treatment of postoperative pain. appropriate monitoring of patients receiving opioid analgesics is essential to detect those with side effects such as respiratory depression. the discovery of acetaminophen as a cox-3 variant may represent a primary central mechanism by which acetaminophen decrease pain. the aim of this study was to assess th...

Objective: To evaluate the clinical feasibility of implanting the Bioness Battery Powered Microstimulator (BBPM) near the axillary nerve for the treatment of chronic shoulder pain in chronic post-stroke subjects. Materials and methods: Prospective, randomized controlled trial between 2007-2010. 16 subjects with post-stroke chronic shoulder pain from three different clinical sites were randomly ...

Pain is a natural protective mechanism and has a warning function signaling imminent or actual tissue damage. Neuropathic pain (NP) results from a dysfunction and derangement in the transmission and signal processing along the nervous system and it is a recognized disease in itself. The prevalence of NP is estimated to be between 6.9% and 10% in the general population. This condition can compli...

Pharmacological relief of neuropathic pain is often insufficient. Electrical neurostimulation is efficacious in chronic neuropathic pain and other neurological diseases. European Federation of Neurological Societies (EFNS) launched a Task Force to evaluate the evidence for these techniques and to produce relevant recommendations. We searched the literature from 1968 to 2006, looking for neurost...

OBJECTIVE To identify baseline risk factors associated with hemiplegic shoulder pain during the first 6 months after a stroke and to investigate changes in these risk factors over time. DESIGN Longitudinal observational study. PATIENTS A total of 94 patients with first-ever unilateral stroke lesion within 1 month after stroke. METHODS Clinical, radiological and sonographic evaluations wer...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic pain syndromes are reported to be common after stroke, but most previous epidemiological studies have generally included small cohorts of patients with relatively short-term follow-up. In a large cohort with ischemic stroke (Prevention Regimen for Effectively avoiding Second Stroke [PRoFESS] trial), we determined the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical conseque...