BACKGROUND Internal Jugular Veins (IJVs) are the principle outflow pathway for intracranial blood in clinostatism condition. In the seated position, IJVs collapse, while Vertebral Veins (VVs) increase the venous outflow and partially compensate the venous drainage. Spinal Epidural Veins are an additional drainage pathway in the seated position. Colour- Doppler-Sonography (CDS) examination is ab...

In 2009 Paolo Zamboni et al. implicated that chronic cerebral venous congestion lead to the development of multiple sclerosis. In this review, we examined the role of chronic cerbrospinal venous insufficiency in multiple sclerosis and the proposed therapy entailing venous angioplasty and stenting of extracranial veins with available evidence to date.

A preterm infant fed parenterally through a central venous catheter developed a subdural effusion containing fat emulsion. Subsequent postmortem examination failed to demonstrate any vascular abnormality that might have explained this rarely reported complication. Although retrograde flow of feeding solutions into cerebral veins seems a likely explanation, the exact mechanism remains uncertain.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Susceptibility-weighted (SW) MR imaging has enabled noninvasive visualization of the cerebral veins and has shed light on the nature of venous architecture. For successful surgery of the third ventricle, understanding of the anatomy of the subependymal veins of the lateral ventricle and their relationships to the foramen of Monro is required preoperatively. The purpose of...

Target Audience MR Physicists and Clinicians interested in venous oxygenation quantification, especially effect of artifact on accuracy. Purpose The ability to measure human brain metabolism on a routine basis will have a large impact on the diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders. A key component in quantifying oxygen metabolism is the measurement of venous blood oxygenation (Yv) . Several ...

Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation (CAVM) hemodynamic in disease condition results changes in the flow and pressure level in blood vessels. Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation (CAVM) is an abnormal shunting of vessels between arteries and veins. It is one of the common Brain disorder. In general, the blood flows of cerebral region are from arteries to veins through capillary bed. This paper is...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The impact of deep cerebral veins on neurologic outcome after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke is unclear. We investigated the relationship between the appearance of deep cerebral veins on susceptibility-weighted imaging and neurologic outcome in patients who underwent thrombolysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 109 con...

BACKGROUND Thrombosis of splanchnic or cerebral veins is a typical manifestation of polycythemia vera (PV) or essential thrombocythemia (ET). The recently identified Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F somatic mutation is closely related to chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMD). OBJECTIVE To assess the incidence of the JAK2 V617F mutation among patients with splanchnic or cerebral venous thrombo...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transient global amnesia (TGA) has been associated with an increased prevalence of internal jugular valve insufficiency and many patients report Valsalva-associated maneuvers before TGA onset. These findings have led to the assumption of hemodynamic alterations in intracranial veins inducing focal hippocampal ischemia. We investigated this hypothesis in patients with TGA ...

A case of rapidly progressive dementia with diffuse leucoaraiosis on CT was attributable to a supratentorial dural arteriovenous malformation. Positron emission tomography (PET) showed low cerebral blood flow and high oxygen extraction ratio throughout the cerebral hemispheres indicating a state of chronic haemodynamic compromise which could predispose to the development of a vascular dementia....