background and objective: febrile convulsions (fc) are the most common seizure disorder in children. lumbar puncture should be considered in any case with fc who is suspected to intracranial infections. this study determined white blood cell and polymorphonuclear cell counts, and protein and glucose levels in cere-brospinal fluids (cfs) of children hospitalized with fc. methods: in this cross s...

oligoclonal bands (ocb) can be detected in a significant percentage (90%) of patients with multiple sclerosis (ms), however, a much lower percentage has been reported in some studies, mainly from oriental countries. on the other hand, ocb have been detected in other neurological disorders (ond), even in diseases without any definite evidence for inflammation in csf such as myasthenia gravis. th...

A 36-year-old male had spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) presenting with refractory headache for 4 months. Multiple epidural blood patches (EBPs) yielded relief of symptoms, but the course was complicated, with asymptomatic intracranial subdural hematoma (SDH). Except for SDH, other radiological diagnostic signs of SIH were resolved and the patient's headaches improved after EBP. Owing...

INTRODUCTION Leakage of cerebrospinal fluid in the skull base may be accompanied with recurrent meningitis. The site of leakage may either be anterior (in the nose and paranasal sinuses) or posterior (in the temporal bone). Various imaging techniques can be used to precisely locate the point of leakage but despite all the advances in imaging techniques there are still some rare cases in which t...

Metrizamide computed tomographic cisternography was used to examine 27 patients (19 males and eight females, 14-59 years old) clinically suspected of having cerebrospinal fluid fistulae with rhinorrhea. Twenty-one fistulae were traumatic and six were spontaneous. Five to 6 ml of metrizamide (or lopamidol, two cases) were injected by lumbar puncture at a concentration of 185-200 mg I/ml for dire...

meningitis is one of the most common infectious cerebral nervous system (cns), defined as an inflammation of the meninges. it is clinically categorized into a chronic and acute based on the acuity of symptoms. vomiting, bulging fontanel and fever are the main symptoms in the patients with meningitis. bacterial meningitis is a severe, potentially life-threatening infection that is associated wit...

There is a certain degree of confusion in the literature concerning nasal leakage of cerebrospinal fluid when trauma is not the cause. The term 'spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea' has been used more or less consistently to describe such cases since 1899. Although isolated observations had been made earlier, it was the monograph by St. Clair Thomson (1899) that first clearly described ...

Dural defect is a common problem in neurosurgery, and the emergence of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene material provides an effective solution for rehabilitation artificial blood vessels, heart patches, other fields. However, studies on repair dura have reported occurrence adverse events cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Therefore, task improving materials cannot be delayed. In this study, new comp...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is the result of an osseous defect at the skull base coupled with a disruption of the dura mater and arachnoid with a resultant pressure gradient leading to the CSF leak. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is a potentially dangerous condition as the risk of intracranial infection is increased if it persists. Therefore, accurate preoperative localization of...