255 be of little help to the reader interested in learning more about a particular aspect of the disease. In spite of these shortcomings, however, this book could be of use to the patient with multiple sclerosis. Practical advice for coping with everyday problems and frank discussion of "touchy" subjects could be invaluable to the patient who feels overwhelmed by the disease. and others-took pa...

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide. According to the current epidemiological data, it is expected that, till 2020, coronary artery disease and cerebral hemorrhage are still the first and second causes of death of human beings, even though the order of the death causes due to human diseases would be changed significantly. Despite various advance...

Management of stroke has been revolutionised over the past decade, and therapeutic nihilism is no longer justified. The advent of acute treatments, especially thrombolysis, where the window of opportunity for intervention is very short and the treatment carries risk, emphasises the paramount importance of correct clinical diagnosis. Neurologists will need to adopt a front line role that is unfa...

A long-term decline in death rates from cerebrovascular diseases in the United States accelerated in 1969, with a further increase in the rate of decline after 1972. This break in the pattern of the mortality curve for stroke was observed in all 4 major sex-color groups, and affected all age groups in which a significant number of stroke deaths occur. The decline for non-whites was relatively a...

Introduction: Increasing age is one of the most important predictors of mortality among aged population. Therefore, determining the causes of death among older people could be imperative. The purpose of this study was to investigate non-communicable disease mortality among a sample of older people in Iran from 2007 to 2018. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study that applied censu...

This study prospectively examined the association between perceived noise exposure at work and cerebrovascular diseases among Japanese male workers. A baseline survey was conducted between 1988 and 1990, which involved 110,792 inhabitants (age range: 40-79 yr) from 45 areas throughout Japan. Subsequent causes of death were identified from death certificates. The analysis was restricted to 14,56...

Cerebrovascular disease mortality in France during the period 1968-1978 was compared with cardiovascular and all other causes of death. Our study demonstrated a 25% decline in the age-adjusted cerebrovascular disease mortality rates in both sexes and particularly in the middle-aged groups. This decline is greater than that of the general causes of mortality, which was on the order of 20%. It pa...

Physical exercise is any bodily activity to enhance or maintain physical fitness and overall health and wellness. A series of associated studies have demonstrated that physical exercise could alleviate the infarct volume, increase the collateral circulation, promote endothelial progenitor cells, improve cerebral blood flow after cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In this review, we su...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are composed of a group of endogenous and noncoding small RNAs which control expression of complementary target mRNAs. The extended functions of miRNAs enhance the complexity of gene-regulatory processes in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Indeed, recent studies have shown that miRNAs are closely related to myocardial infarction, heart failure, atrial fibrillation...