Introduction: Ultrasound is a specific method of examination in early stages pregnancy, with specificity 97.6%1. It usually determines the location and viability pregnancy gestational age by 5 weeks pregnancy2. In addition to these other conditions like uterine anomalies, adnexal diseases, cervical length can all be diagnosed first trimester.3 First trimester ultrasound predict chorionicity, ty...

The "lean" umbilical cord (also known as thin-cord syndrome) is a comparatively rare anomaly of the umbilical cord, which has seldom been described in the medical literature. We report on a 35-year-old women who presented to us at 29 + 4 weeks gestation with vaginal bleeding and cervical incompetence subsequently complicated not only by premature rupture of membranes but also acute placental in...

This systematic review of 58 observational studies identified hypothetical causal mechanisms explaining the effects of short and long intervals between pregnancies on maternal, perinatal, infant, and child health, and critically examined the scientific evidence for each causal mechanism hypothesized. The following hypothetical causal mechanisms for explaining the association between short inter...

Aortic valve reconstruction with autologous fascia lata was performed in 33 patients (mean age 35 years) in 1966 and 1967. Eighty-two per cent had cusp extension rather than replacement. while 33% required additional intracardiac procedures. There were seven hospital deaths (21°,) and 11 late deaths (33%), a total mortality of 54°/ over four years. Six late deaths followed reoperation for recur...

one patient with tricuspid incompetence due to a ruptured papillary muscle after myocardial infarction. The higher incidence of left ventricular papillary muscle dysfunction reported (Heikkila, 1967) must be largely due to the higher incidence of left ventricular infarction observed by various workers (Wartman & Hellerstein, 1948; Zaus & Kearns, 1952). This patient had minimal dilatation of the...

1. Tse HF, Siu CW, Lee KL, et al. The incremental benefit of rateadaptive pacing on exercise performance during cardiac resynchronization therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;46:2292–7. 2. Lau CP. Normal exercise cardiopulmonary physiology and chronotropic incompetence. In: Lau CP, editor. Rate Adaptive Cardiac Pacing: Single and Dual Chamber. Mount Kisco, NY: Futura Publishing, 1993:7–23. 3. Fei L,...

Left ventricular hypertrophy due to diastolic overload is characterized by the following in lead V6: (a) tall R wave; (b) prominent initial Q wave; (c) minimally elevated concave-upward ST segment; and (d) relatively tall symmetrical T wave. Reciprocal deep S waves are seen in lead V1. This study reflects a further evaluation of these parameters in the four main causes of left ventricular diast...