Previous studies have shown that the correct use of car safety seats can protect infants and children from vehicular injury. Although child passenger devices are increasingly used in the US, motor vehicle crashes continue to be the leading cause of death and acquired disability in infants and children younger than 14 years of age. These events are likely related, at least in part, to the high p...

The emergency care of patients who may have spinal injuries has become highly ritualized. There is little scientific support for many of the recommended interventions and there is evidence that at least some methods now used in the field and emergency department are harmful. Since prospective clinical trials are not likely to resolve these issues I propose a reconceptualization of spinal trauma...

Injuries to the upper cervical spine are potentially lethal; thus, full characterization of the injuries requires an accurate history and physical examination, and management requires an in-depth understanding of the radiographic projection of the craniocervical complex. Occipital condyle fractures may represent major ligament avulsions and may be highly unstable, requiring surgery. Craniocervi...

Spine immobilization in trauma patients suspected of having a spinal injury has been a cornerstone of prehospital treatment for decades. Current practices are based on the belief that a patient with an injured spinal column can deteriorate neurologically without immobilization. Most treatment protocols do not differentiate between blunt and penetrating mechanisms of injury. Current Emergency Me...

Background: Atlantoaxial subluxation occurs when there is misalignment of the atlantoaxial joint. Several etiologies confer increased risk in children, including neck trauma, inflammation, infection, or inherent ligamentous laxity cervical spine.
 Methods: A case study was performed. Demographics and clinical data were reviewed for etiology, imaging techniques, treatment, clinic outcomes.&...

febrile convulsion (fc) is the most common seizure disorder in childhood. white blood cell (wbc) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (esr) are commonly measured in fc. trauma, vomiting and bleeding can also lead to wbc and esr so the blood tests must carefully be interpreted by the clinician. in this cross sectional study 410 children(163 with fc), aged 6 months to 5 years, admitted to bahrami c...

 Abstract Introduction: Considering the importance of anterior teeth in chewing, speaking and esthetics, as well as the high prevalence of crown fracture among various traumatic injuries to the teeth, this study aimed to evaluate the etiology and risk factors associated with crown fractures of anterior teeth in 7-12 years old children. Materials and Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional ...

STUDY DESIGN Observational, case series. PURPOSE To determine the sensitivity and specificity of clinical judgment as compared to the use of X-ray images in detecting cervical spine injuries in trauma patients presenting in the emergency department of Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Cross-table cervical spine views are important in patients with signs and sympt...