Objective: Ceftiofur, a third-generation cephalosporin, is used as a usual antimicrobial drug in veterinary medicine. Positive efficiency of ceftiofur for treatment of retained fetal membrane (RFM) and acute puerperal metritis has been previously reported. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of ceftiofur hydrochloride (CH) in prevention of uterine postpart...

background & aim: congenital hypothyroidism (ch) is one of the most common endocrine diseases and is a major cause of preventable mental retardation. early diagnosis of ch can help prevent future diseases. although time series techniques are often utilized to forecast future status, they are inadequate to deal with count data with overdispersion. the aim of this study was to apply poisson hidde...

Despite the accumulation of a considerable body of literature about frugivory and seed dispersal of fleshy-fruited plants by vertebrates during the last decades (e.g. reviews in Howe and Smallwood, 1982; van der Pijl, 1982; Janzen, 1983; Howe, 1986; Howe and Westley, 1988; Stiles, 1989; Jordano, 2000; Herrera, 2002), and also previous editions of the Frugivores and Seed Dispersal: International...

A learning capacity for feeding is described in many insect species including vectors of diseases, but has never been reported in tsetse flies (Diptera, Glossinidae), the cyclic vectors of human (sleeping sickness) and animal trypanosomoses in Africa. Repeated feeding on the same host species by a disease vector is likely to increase the within-species disease-transmission risk, but to decrease...

Seed dispersal patterns affect the rate at which offspring encounter specialized natural enemies, and thereby the strength of the associated interspecific interaction (Howe and Smallwood, 1982). Relatively specialized natural enemies such as pathogens and insect herbivores are expected to be found in higher densities near plants of their host species (Janzen, 1970). Because dispersing offspring...

It is proved that if the Continuum Hypothesis is true, then one random real always produces a destructible (ω1, ω1) gap.

introduction: antimicrobial activity of interappointment intracanal medications is an important consideration in endodontics. considering the fact that calcium hydroxide (ch) cannot sterilize the root canal system, completing its antimicrobial spectrum seems necessary. the aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial activity of ch combined with three different vehicles in root canal syst...