This document is intended to stimulate debate and discussion in preparation of the Escience Scoping Study Expert Seminar for archaeology and the historic environment. It is a tentative, partial and therefore controversial delineation of the challenges and opportunities which the E-science agenda presents archaeologists and the historic environment sector. It proposes areas of specific activity ...

One of the ambitions of Science Robotics is to deeply root robotics research in science while developing novel robotic platforms that will enable new scientific discoveries. Of our 10 grand challenges, the first 7 represent underpinning technologies that have a wider impact on all application areas of robotics. For the next two challenges, we have included social robotics and medical robotics a...

Modeling and Simulation of Multiphysics Multiscale Systems (SMMS) poses a grand challenge to computational science. To adequately simulate numerous intertwined processes characterized by different spatial and temporal scales spanning many orders of magnitude, sophisticated models and advanced computational techniques are required. The aim of the SMMS workshop is to encourage and review the prog...

Transportation and transit systems draw upon broad spectra of research fields due to the diversity and interconnectivity of transport modes, including road, rail, aviation, pipeline, maritime, or even aerospace. These systems have evolved over centuries to be considerably more efficient and environment-friendly for a wide range of customers. The fundamental principle “safety first” is still the...

This paper looks to address the grand challenge of integrating construction materials engineering research within a multi-scale, inter-disciplinary research and management framework for sustainable concrete infrastructure. The ultimate goal is to drive sustainability-focused innovation and adoption cycles in the broader architecture, engineering, construction (AEC) industry. Specifically, a pro...

This paper represents the state of the art development on the field of artificial multi-robot organisms. It briefly considers mechatronic development, sensor and computational equipment, software framework and introduces one of the Grand Challenges for swarm and reconfigurable robotics.

Vision " From Waste to Wealth " takes the traditional view of wastewater as an end product to be disposed of and turns it on its head by suggesting that wastewater is a valuable resource that can be processed into commercial grade fertilisers and fuel. The vision of " From Waste to Wealth " is that the economic and social benefits of nutrient recycling, biogas generation, soil amendment and new...

In light of the contemporary societal challenges and the current technological trends that have revolutionized collaboration and creativity, ICT for Governance and Policy Modelling has recently emerged to achieve a better, participative, evidence-based and timely governance. Bringing together two separate worlds, i.e. the mathematical and complex systems background of Policy Modelling with the ...

This article reviews the prevailing paradigm for how galaxies and larger structures formed in the universe: gravitational instability. Basic observational facts are summarized to motivate the standard cosmological framework underlying most detailed investigations of structure formation. The observed universe approaches spatial uniformity on scales larger than about 1026 cm. On these scales grav...

accreditation is an assessment tools of health systems especially hospitals, that is a top priority of the ministry of health and medical education in iran but other countries that have implemented this program faced challenges. since the accreditation program is in the initial stages of implementation in iran, this study review other studies to find probable downsides of the program to extract...