in this paper, we consider the fuzzy fixed-charge transportation problem (ffctp). both of fixed and transportation cost are fuzzy numbers. contrary to previous works, electromagnetism-like algorithms (em) is firstly proposed in this research area to solve the problem. three types of em; original em, revised em, and hybrid em are firstly employed for the given problem. the latter is being firstl...

Energy level alignments at the organic donor–acceptor interface cannot be predicted from cyclic voltammetry. Onsets for joint density of states and charge generation, reveal cases energy uphill – newly observed downhill generation.

A spectrophotometric study concerning the interaction between Trimethoprim (TMP) ,Sulfamethoxazole (SFMx), as n-donor and 2,3-dichloro-5,6- dicyano-P-benzoquinine (DDQ) and chloranilic acid (CA) as π-acceptor were been performed at 25°C. The results of interaction of CA and DDQwith TMP indicate the formation of a 1:1, 1:2, charge transfer complexes through non equilibrium reactions. In the case...

It is over several decades that ultrasound is used to enhance the transdermal drug delivery (phonphoresis). The mechanism of the enhancement is not fully understood and the ability of ultrasound on the enhancement for some drugs is unclear. The effect of continuous wave 870 KHz ultrasound at intensity of 1 W/cm 2 for 15 minutes on transdermal absorption of piroxicam from solution and gel formu...

In this paper, a step fixed charge transportation problem is developed where the products are sent from the sources to the destinations in existence of both unit and step fixed-charges. The proposed model determines the amount of products in the existing routes with the aim of minimizing the total cost (sum of unit and step fixed-charges) to satisfy the demand of each customer. As the problem i...

Industrial and experimental induction furnaces are used for melting various types of iron ingots, returned scraps and DRI sponge pellets to produce high purity cast - iron and steel heats. The lowest consumption of electrical energy determined for continuous feeding operation is 0.3 KWH/Kg for the production of cast - iron in a 1.5 - ton industrial furnace and 0.45 KWH/Kg for the production of ...

molecular modeling analysis of charge density and heat of fornation by pm3 method as well as c, h nmr and 2d-nmr measurements of histidine (substrate) and some of its derivatives as histidine decarboxylase inhibitors were performed. it was established that the atom, usually nitrogen, which forms internal aldimine with pyridoxal5 -phosphate (plp), (coenzyme), has negative and almost equal charge...

the charge-transfer complexation reaction between iodine and dibenzo- 18-crown- 6 (db18c6) has been studied spectrophotometrically in chloroform solution at different temperatures. the resulting donor-acceptor complex was formulated as (db 18c6…i )i . the spectrophotometric results , as well as the conductivity measurements, indicated that the gradual release of tiiodide ion from its contact io...

background: antimicrobial peptides with relative length (2-100 amino acids) and positive charge (pure charge (+9)-(+2)) are amphiphilic that isolated from a wide range of animals. recently, these peptides have been known as a part of innate immune response. nowadays, more than 500 antimicrobial peptides from animals have been reported. objectives: the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-...

In this theoretical study, we focus on a kind of danunarane sapogenins. This molecule optimized in venoussolvent media such as heptao, carbontetrachloride, toluene. tetrahydrofurane, dichloroethane, ethanol, methanol,dimethylsulfoxide and water using the self-consistent reaction field model. This process depends on either thereaction potential function of the solvent or charge transfer operator...