The energy of a graph G as chemical concept leading to HMO theory was introduced by Hückel in 1931 and developed into mathematical interpretation many years later when Gutman 1978 gave his famous definition the sum absolute values eigenvalues adjacency matrix G. One general requirements for any topological index is that similar molecules have close TI values, which called smoothness. To explore...

Managing the intermittency of renewable sources together with transient (hourly to daily seasonal) energy demands is one principal challenges delivering a net-zero system. Smart multifunctional thermo-chemical networks represent an alternative network and storage system, solution based on distribution via material rather than thermal energy, gas, fuels or electricity– option that has scope for ...