Among the blistering (vesicant) chemical warfare agents (CWA), sulfur mustard is the most important since it is known as the “King of chemical warfare agents”. The use of sulfur mustard has caused serious damages in several organs, especially the eyes, skin, respiratory, central and peripheral nervous systems after short and long term exposure, incapacitating and even killing people and troops....

The inhabitants of communities in the Kurdistan area Iraq, particularly Halabja, represent greatest civilian populations ever exposed to chemical weapons. In several sections Region Iraq between 1987 and 1991, Iraqi government conducted a Genocide against Kurds. Various warfare chemicals, such as sulfur mustard nerve agents Sarin, Tabun, cyanide, were used act war. There are scientific indicati...

Background and aim: Chronic skin lesions are common late complications of sulfur mustard intoxication which would result in numerous complaints including pruritus, skin dryness and burn feeling. In chemical warfare injured veterans, pruritus is the most common complaint in chronic status with significant effects on patient's quality of life. This study has evaluated efficacy of topical ph...

In this research urogenital complications of 300 veterans with the average age of 32.7+_6.5 years were studied for two years( 1995-1996) . They were selected randomly in Kerman province based  on having at least one exposure to chemical warfare, six to ten years before the study. The control group was selected among the troops whom were not exposed to chemical warfare and had an average age of ...

Benjamin Heath is a second-year graduate student at the Monterey Institute of International Studies. As a graduate research assistant at the Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Heath focuses on domestic preparedness issues within the Weapons of Mass Destruction Terrorism Project. Within the Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project, Heath researches and analyzes the chemical and...

T terrorist attacks of September 11 2001 concentrated minds on the potential of terrorism with weapons of mass destruction (WMD), combining a timeless tactic with the most destructive weaponry. Th e margins of international tolerance of non-compliance with the WMD nonproliferation and disarmament norms and obligations narrowed dramatically after that date. Affi rming WMD proliferation as a thre...

Prepared from Hydroxy-Terminated Polydimethylsiloxane and Methyltriethoxysilane Kenneth J. Wynne,* T. Ho, E. E. Johnston and Sharon A. Myers Materials Chemistry Branch, Code 6120, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA Physical Science S&T Division-331, Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA 22217-5660, USA Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univers...

For though we walk in the flesh, we do not war according to the flesh, for the weapons of our warfare [are] not fleshly but mighty in God for pulling down strongholds, casting down arguments and every high thing that exalts itself against the knowledge of God, bringing every thought into captivity to the obedience of Christ. And they will be ready to punish all disobedience, when your obedience...