We simulate the formation and evolution of galaxies with a self-consistent 3D hydrodynamical model including star formation, supernova feedback, and chemical enrichment. Hypernova feedback plays an essential role not only in solving the [Zn/Fe] problem, but also reproducing the cosmic star formation rate history and the mass-metallicity relations. In a MilkyWay type galaxy, kinematics and chemi...

Vitiligo is a common skin disease characterized by loss of normal melanin pigments in the skin and its pathogenesis is still unclear. Treatment modalities include psoralen plus ultraviolet A, narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB UVB) phototherapy, topical and systemic steroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, topical vitamin D analogues in monotherapy or in association with phototherapy, and surgical ...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, evolutionarily conserved, non-coding RNAs playing a role in the proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, chemo-sensitivity, and chemo-resistance of gastric cancer, as well stemness cancer stem cells. miR-708–3p induces cell chemo-resistance, but its actual progression remains unclear. This paper shows that is upregulated samples high expression patients associated wit...

The outcome of patients with T4 esophageal cancer, defined as a tumor that invades neighboring structures (e.g., aorta, trachea, bronchus, and lung), is extremely poor. Despite recent advances in surgical techniques, these tumors are usually considered inoperable. Two distinct therapeutic options are currently available for T4 esophageal cancers: chemo-radiotherapy followed by surgery (CRT-S), ...

A new Chemo Dynamical Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic (CD SPH) code is presented. The disk galaxy is described as a multi fragmented gas and star system, embedded in a cold dark matter halo. The star formation (SF) process, SNII, SNIa and PN events as well as chemical enrichment of gas have been considered within the framework of the standard SPH model. Using this model we describe the dynamical...

This study represents a first step towards tailored solvers for chemo-mechanical multi-field problems in variational setting.