Background. We modified the posture of the one-handed chest compression (MOHCC) as follows: first, the axis of the rescuer’s compression hand was adjusted to the lower half of the patient’s sternum; second, the opposite hand was wrapped around the elbow joint of the rescuer’s compression arm. This study evaluated the effect of the MOHCC on the mean chest compression depth (MCD) over time. Metho...

Electron-multiplying charge-coupled devices are efficient imaging for low-surface-brightness ultraviolet astronomy from space. The large amplification allows photon counting (PC), the detection of events versus nonevents. This paper provides statistics observation process, photon-counting and compression. expression signal-to-noise PC is written in terms polygamma function. optimal exposure tim...

We introduce a new method of external chest compression (ECC), an essential part of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, using a thumb and index finger method (TIFM) on infants, and compares, this with two standard methods of the two finger method (TFM) and the two-thumb encircling hands method (TTEM). Sixty trained PALS (Pediatric Advanced Life Support) providers were randomly assigned into three gr...

The Human Monitoring Laboratory has measured the chest wall thickness and adipose mass fraction of a group of workers at a Canadian uranium refinery, a conversion plant, and a fuel fabrication site using ultrasound. A site-specific biometric equation has been developed for these workers, who seem to be somewhat larger than other workers reported in the literature. Chest wall thickness is a very...

Lung compression of vertebrates as they dive poses anatomical and physiological challenges. There has been little direct observation of this. A harbor and a gray seal, a common dolphin and a harbor porpoise were each imaged post mortem under pressure using a radiolucent, fiberglass, water-filled pressure vessel rated to a depth equivalent of 170 m. The vessel was scanned using computed tomograp...

When given during closed-chest resuscitation, cariporide (4-isopropyl-methylsulfonylbenzoyl-guanidine methanesulfonate; a selective inhibitor of the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger isoform-1) enables generation of viable perfusion pressures with less depth of compression. We hypothesized that this effect results from greater blood flows generated for a given depth of compression. Two series of 14 rats eac...

BACKGROUND Current 2005 guidelines for advanced cardiac life support strongly recommend immediate defibrillation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, findings from experimental and clinical studies have indicated a potential advantage of pretreatment with chest compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) prior to defibrillation in improving outcomes. The aim of this meta-analys...