Corresponding author: Karolina SKOŁUCKA-SZARY – M.Sc., e-mail: [email protected] Introduction Chitin (from the Greek word chiton – covering) is the second most widespread natural polysaccharide after cellulose. It was first isolated from fungi in 1811 by H. Braconnot [1], and its chemical structure was described for the first time in the doctoral dissertation of a Swiss researcher A...

We have determined the complete nucleotide (nt) sequence of the mitochondrial genome of an oligochaete annelid, the earthworm Lumbricus tarestris. This genome contains the 37 genes typical of metazoan mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), including ATPase8, which is missing from some invertebrate mtDNAs. ATPase8 is not immediately upstream of ATPase6, a condition found previously only in the mtDNA of snai...

Although citrus trees are considered relatively salt-sensitive, there are consistent differences in Na and Cl tolerance among different citrus rootstocks. We grew uniform seedlings of rough lemon (RL) and the more Na-tolerant Swingle citrumelo (SC) with and without 50 mM NaCl for 42 days. Salinity reduced leaf chlorophyll and plant transpiration rate (Ep) more in RL than SC. Confocal laser scan...

The relevance of social history to the interpretation of the Gospel according to John The relevance of a socio-historical reading of John's Gospel is illustrated through the analysis of John 2:1-11, 8:33-36 and 21:7. In each case a social senario of a particular situation is presented by utilizing different ancient sources. The results are then applied to the mentioned passages in John's Gospel...