Persistent organochlorines such as ΣDDT, chlordane, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), heptachlor and endosulfan were determined in water and sediment samples of freshwater systems in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa that receive runoff from agricultural lands and effluents from industries. The organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in water and sediments were determined by liquid/liquid extraction an...

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) can travel thousands of miles, accumulate in the food chain, and persist in the environment, taking as long as centuries to degrade. POPs are known to play a role in birth defects, cancer, immune system dysfunction, and reproductive problems in wildlife. While the effects of POPs on human health are unclear, many researchers believe that long-term exposure c...

Exposure to organohalogens in endotherms has been suggested to impose chemically induced stress by affecting functions related to maintenance energy requirements. Effects on basal metabolic rate (BMR) have been suggested to be, in part, mediated through interactions with the thyroid hormones (THs). We investigated the relationships between plasma concentrations of major organochlorines, PBDEs, ...

volume is divided into two parts. Part one contains specifications for technical DDT, BHC, met oxyc or^ chlordane, dieldrin, BHC containing 90% or rnore isomer, Pyrethrem extract (cerosol grade), water dispersible powder concentrates containing DDT and BHC and emulsion concentrates containing DDT, BHC and Dieldrin, all being intended for use against vectors of diseases of man. Part two contains...

In 1997, seven sport fish species were sampled from seven popular fishing areas in San Francisco Bay. Mercury exceeded a human health screening value in 44 of 84 (52%) samples. All collected samples of leopard shark and striped bass exceeded the mercury screening value of 0.23 microg/g wet weight. PCBs exceeded the screening value in 51 of 72 (71%) samples. DDT, chlordane, and dieldrin, had low...

This paper focuses on the risks of environmental carcinogenic and/or genotoxic contaminants in food. It describes, for each contaminant studied, the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity, the toxicological reference values, the exposure and the risk characterisation. The compounds studied were classified into 3 categories based on a risk assessment. Effects others than carcinogenicity and/or genotox...

Chiral polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in an arctic marine food web from the Northwater Polynya (NOW) in the Canadian Arctic to examine potential biotransformation of chiral PCB atropisomers. Organisms under investigation included pelagic zooplankton, Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida), seabirds, and ringed seals (Phoca hispida). Previous studies using achiral methods (e.g., biomagnif...

Introduction In 1950, the chemists Otto Paul Hermann Diels, from Germany, and Kurt Alder, originally born in Prussia and then moved to Germany after World War I, received the Nobel Prize in chemistry for the discovery of a new way to synthesize cyclic molecules. Aptly titled the Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Reaction, this new mechanism allowed conjugated dienes to undergo addition reactions with a...

Organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) and Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the surface sediments from shrimp ponds four regions of northern part Central Java coast (namely Brebes, Tegal, Pemalang, Pekalongan) were investigated. The highest concentration ? OCPs was found Brebes Regency, ranging 68.1 ± 3.4 to 168.1 9.8 ?g kg?1 dw. As indicated by DDT ratio chlordane ratio, value suggested that t...