INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Please read these instructions carefully, but do not open the question paper until you are told that you may do so. This paper is Section 1 of 2. Your supervisor will collect this question paper and answer sheet before giving out Section 2. A separate text booklet and answer sheet are provided for this section. Please check you have these. You also require a soft penc...

This paper examines results from a multiple-choice test given to novice programmers at twelve institutions, with specific focus on annotations made by students on their tests. We found that the question type affected both student performance and student annotations. Classifying student answers by question type, annotation type (tracing, elimination, other, or none), and institution, we found th...

A range of empirical approaches to representing preference heterogeneity have emerged in choice modelling. Researchers have been able to explore the differences which selection of a particular approach makes to welfare measures in a particular dataset, and indeed have been able to implement a number of tests for which approach best fits a particular set of data. However, the question as to the ...

The present study examined the effect of question format on accuracy and quantity of testimony. Forty college students’ memory for a videotaped theft was assessed through open-ended or multiple-choice questionnaires. High accuracy was found for central information elicited with an open-ended questionnaire and for peripheral information elicited with a multiple-choice questionnaire. Quantity was...

This article examines the reliability and validity of the modified essay question. An 18-item modified essay question was developed and pretested on a group of clinical experts. After the pretest, the modified essay question was administered to a group of 25 physical therapy students immediately before their second level orthopedic placement. A reliability index of .39 (coefficient alpha) was c...

Given the relative simplicity of all simulation models in comparison to the complexity of nature, it seems reasonable to question the legitimacy of any "mechanistic" mathematical description of surface water quality. Further, given data limitations and scientific knowledge limitations, it seems reasonable to question even the goal to strive for a model that need not be calibrated. The correctne...

We consider problems where several individuals each need to make a yes/no choice regarding a number of issues and these choices then need to be aggregated into a collective choice. Depending on the application at hand, different combinations of yes/no may be considered rational. We can describe such rationality assumptions in terms of a propositional formula. The question then arises whether or...

This paper describes our question answering system at NTCIR-12 on QALab-2 task, which requires solving the history questions of Japanese university entrance exams and their corresponding English translations. Wikipedia of English edition is main external knowledge base for our system. We first retrieve the documents and sentences related to the question from Wikipedia. Then, the classification ...

In the last decade different applications of computer science (data mining, text mining) have been recognised. Presently an automatic question generation is a current research area. The elaborated system generates multi-choice questions from textbooks without using an external semantic database. Main demands made for the implemented automatic question generation system: supporting the Hungarian...

The British voter is less likely than the American to make a distinction between his current electoral choice and a more general partisan disposition. This article investigates whether this difference might be due to a methodological difference between the British and American Election surveys: the British surveys, unlike the American, have placed the party identification question after the que...