PURPOSE To quantify the whole population of S- and L-cones in the albino (Sprague-Dawley, SD) and pigmented (Piebald Virol Glaxo, PVG) rats and to study their topographical distribution within the retina. METHODS Retinal radial sections and whole-mounted retinas were double immunodetected with antibodies against UV-sensitive and L-opsins to detect the S- and L-cones, respectively. Two automat...

Several studies have indicated that the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) loses ultraviolet (UV) sensitivity and the associated UV-sensitive corner cones when the animal transforms from a small (parr) juvenile to a larger, silver-coloured, smolt. Similar changes supposedly take place when parr juveniles are treated with thyroid hormone (T(4)) or retinoic acid. In contrast to previous investig...

The aim of this study is to characterize calbindin-positive photoreceptors and their opsin content in the retina of nocturnal prosimians (Microcebus murinus), New World monkeys (Callithrix jacchus), Old World monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), and humans. To identify the calbindin and opsin content of cones, combined multiple labeling with different fluorescent probes, antibodies directed against c...

Histologic examination of the retina in comet goldfish 11 cm long (nose to base of tail) reveals at least six distinct varieties of cones. Unequal double cones (DC) comprise long (LD) and short (SD) members which differ in form as well as length. Long single (LS) cones are similar in length and form to SD cones. Although evidence indicates that there are two subpopulations of LS cones, normally...

Since the early 1970's there have been many papers devoted to tangent cones and their applications to optimization. Much of the debate over which tangent cone is \best" has centered on the properties of Clarke's tangent cone and whether other cones have these properties. In this paper it is shown that there are an innnite number of tangent cones with some of the nicest properties of Clarke's co...

Three rather different physical cases have been studied. All represent very practical geometries for which the modal behavior of vortex structures is not completely understood. The work on these problems is ongoing with the objective of obtaining physical confirmation, enhanced understanding and predictive capability for the vortex structures encountered in rotating machines. 1. Surface Flows o...

We extend Wolff’s “local smoothing” inequality [18] to a wider class of not necessarily conical hypersurfaces of codimension 1. This class includes surfaces with nonvanishing curvature, as well as certain surfaces with more than one flat direction. An immediate consequence is the Lp-boundedness of the corresponding Fourier multiplier operators. Mathematics Subject Classification: 42B08, 42B15. ...

Studies of embodied perception have revealed that social, psychological, and physiological factors influence space perception. While many of these influences were observed with real or highly realistic stimuli, the present work showed that even the orientation of abstract geometric objects in a non-realistic virtual environment could influence distance perception. Observers wore a head mounted ...

The evolutionary position of tarsiers with respect to primates is still debated. The type of photoreceptors in the nocturnal Tarsius spectrum retina has been compared with the nocturnal New World monkey Aotus trivulgaris and the Old World monkey Macaca nemestrina by using immunocytochemical labeling for antisera known to be specific for primate cone and rod proteins. In all three species, antis...

Horizontal cells (HCs) are involved in establishing the center-surround receptive field organization of photoreceptor and bipolar cells. In many species, HCs respond differentially to colors and may play a role in color vision. An earlier study from our laboratory suggested that four types of HCs exist in the zebrafish retina: three cone HCs (H1, H2 and H3) and one rod HC. In this study, we des...